Three-dimensional ultrasound elliptical vibration assisted cutting device and elliptical orbit generation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-dimensional ultrasound elliptical vibration assisted cutting device and an elliptical orbit generation method thereof, and belongs to the field of numerical control machining. The device is composed of a multi-shaft flexible hinge, a base, a cutter pre-tightening screw, a connecting screw and a pedestal as well as piezoelectric ceramic plates, electrode plates, double-nut structures, connecting shafts and vibration frequency trimmers in the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction. The multi-shaft flexible hinge is composed of three subchains perpendicular to one another and a cutter mounting frame. Each subchain is provided with a first flexible hinge unit and a second flexible hinge unit which are of the same structure and different in arrangement direction. A cutter is fixed to the cutter mounting frame. Displacement inputs are generated on all the subchains through the piezoelectric ceramic plates in the X direction, the Y direction and the Z direction, and after displacement amplification and superposition in the three directions, the multi-shaft flexible hinge is driven to generate an elliptical motion orbit in a three-dimensional space at the point of the cutter. The device is simple in structure, the inputs are mutually decoupled, the three-dimensional elliptical motion orbit is generated easily, and the device can be conveniently and directly integrated with a numerically-controlled machine tool for assisted precision machining.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of numerical control machining, and in particular relates to the fields of a three-dimensional ultrasonic elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device and an elliptical trajectory generation method. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of precision and ultra-precision machining technology, elliptical vibration cutting has been widely concerned because of its advantages of reducing cutting force, improving machining quality, suppressing workpiece burrs, and increasing tool life. In view of the higher and higher requirements for the processing quality of high-precision parts, scholars have designed a variety of elliptical vibration cutting methods and supporting vibration cutting devices to further improve the surface quality of elliptical vibration cutting. The research shows that three-dimensional elliptical vibration cutting is the most promising method for assisting free-form surface precision m...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Patent (CN102059575A) and patent (CN102371359A) and other patents referring to the diamond tool three-dimensional elliptical motion generation method and its device, although all can generate elliptical trajectories, most of the designed devices have the following major defects: (1) the device The processing efficiency is low, and it is difficult to complete the cutting process within a certain period of time; (2) the generated elliptical trajectory curve and the piezoelectric stack used have limitations; (3) the contact point of the blade cannot be fine-tuned, and the parameters of the device adjustment are limited. It is not universal; (4) The flexible hinge structure is only used as an elastic recovery element, and does not have amplified displacement. It only relies on the piezoelectric stack as the displacement output source, and some devices are designed with complex structures. In summary, the existing three-dimensional There are still many problems in the elliptical vibration cutting device and the cutting method

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the existing technology and solve the problems existing in the three-dimensional elliptical vibration auxiliary cutting device such as vibration coupling in three directions, low processing efficiency, and the inability to adjust the parameters of the cutting device, a three-dimensional elliptical vibration cutting device is designed. The tool pre-tightening screw fixes the tool on the tool holder composed of a flexible hinge structure, and converts the input electrical energy into mechanical energy through the piezoelectric ceramics installed on the connecting shafts in the X, Y and Z directions to achieve displacement output and drive multiple The sub-chains of the axis flexible hinge produce small displacements in three directions. After the displacement of the flexible hinge is amplified and superimposed, the contact point of the blade outputs an elliptical motion trajectory in three-dimensional space.

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