SLM (Selective Laser Melting) process based part lightweight design processing method

Abstract

The invention discloses an SLM process based part lightweight design processing method. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a finite element model through a three-dimensional digital model of a part, and defining load and boundary conditions; establishing a part topological optimization model and setting a topological optimization unidirectional withdrawal constraint; performing part topological optimization to generate an initial lightweight model, performing mechanical performance analysis on the initial lightweight model, arranging self-supported porous structures with different densities according to stress distribution of the initial lightweight model, and generating a final lightweight model; and processing a final lightweight entity part through an SLM forming technology by utilizing the generated final lightweight model. The unidirectional withdrawal constraint is set in a specified direction during the topological optimization process, and the part topological optimization is finished, so that the part lightweight design is realized; a withdrawal constraint based topological optimization result is suitable for an SLM process, so that a supporting structure does not need to be added, a complicated support removal process is not required, and the design process is simplified; and the self-supported porous structures with different densities are introduced, so that the weight of the structure is further reduced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of optimal design of ultra-lightweight parts, in particular to a method for designing and processing lightweight parts based on SLM technology. Background technique [0002] Topology optimization is an effective means to realize the lightweight design of structures. However, due to the limitations of traditional processing technology, topology optimization is only used in the conceptual design of structures at present. Due to the consideration of processing technology in the later detailed design stage, the final design weight is usually much greater than the weight of topology optimization results. Scholars and industrial designers at home and abroad believe that The combination of topology optimization and additive manufacturing technology is an effective means to realize the lightweight design of parts, and a preliminary experimental study was carried out to combine topology optimization with selective laser meltin...

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Problems solved by technology

However, due to the limitations of traditional processing technology, topology optimization is only used in the conceptual design of structures at present. Due to the consideration of processing technology in the later detailed design stage, the final design weight is usually much greater than the weight of topology optimization results. Scholars and industrial designers at home and abroad believe that The combination of topology optimization and additive manufacturing technology is an effective means to realize the lightweight design of parts, and a preliminary experimental study has been carried out to combine topology optimization with selective laser melting forming technology. Selective laser melting forming technology (Selective Laser Melting, SLM) is Using the layered data of the 3D model of the part, the process of directly forming the final part through laser melting and condensation accumulation of metal powder layer by layer has the advantages of strong ability to construct complex structures, save materials, no cutting waste, short processing cycle, low cost, no need for tooling molds, etc. Significant advantages, but because the SLM processing process constraints cannot be set in the existing topology optimization software, the optimally designed structure usually cannot be processed by the SLM process, or a large number of support structures need to be designed, and the support structures are difficult to remove

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