Porous flame holder for low nox combustion

Abstract

A burner includes a porous flame holder configured to support a combustion reaction to achieve a very low output of oxides of nitrogen (NOx).

Description

[0001] Cross references to related patent applications [0002] This patent application claims U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61 / 887,741, filed October 7, 2013, entitled "POROUSFLAMEHOLDERFORLOWNOxCOMBUSTION" (Porous Flame Holder for Low NOx Combustion), filed September 23, 2013 U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61 / 881,368, entitled "PROGRESSANDRECENTADVANCESUSINGELECTRODYNAMICCOMBUSTIONCONTROL (ECC)" (Development and Recent Advances Using Electric Combustion Control (ECC)), and filed February 14, 2014, entitled "FUELCOMBUSTIONSYSTEMWITHAPERFORATEDREACTIONHOLDER" (with Priority to PCT Patent Application No. PCT / US2014 / 016632, each of which is incorporated by reference to the extent not inconsistent with the disclosure herein. Background technique [0003] NOx is a pollutant regulated by the EPA and a key measure of burner performance. Strict new NOx regulations are being implemented in several parts of the country, including Texas and California. California's ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] To address this challenge, some burner and combustion system manufacturers have been able to develop systems that can achieve NOx targets, but inherent design trade-offs impose high costs on energy efficiency that become prohibitive at these very low emission levels. prohibitive, even for historically low natural gas prices

[0005] The greatest cost associated with prior art low NOx and ultra-low NOx burners is the resulting significant loss in energy efficiency

This loss arises directly from the combined effect of recirculating the flue gas and adding excess air to cool the combustion reaction together with down regulation losses due to flame instability and can lead to a significant increase in fuel consumption and parasitic up to 20-30% power loss

[0006] The market has long preferred low NOx and ultra-low NOx burners as an alternative to more costly after-combustion treatments, such as Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) systems, which are more expensive to install, complex to operate and consume considerable quantities of hazardous substances , such as anhydrous ammonia

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