Method and apparatus for homogenized flow fixed bed gasification

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and associated devices for the fixed bed gasification for static and / or dynamic homogeneization of the flow. In order to achieve said aim, the gasification agent is introduced in a dynamically forced or reduced manner into the fixed bed gasifier from different sectors of the rotary grate with different sector loads in the cylinder sectors of the bed, which are near to the rotary grate, the sector loads of the forced rotary grate sectors being about 20 to 100 % above the sector loads of the reduced rotary grate sectors, wherein the residence times of the rotary grate sectors in the rotary grate bed sectors are kept the same or are varied. Furthermore, the fixed bed gasifier with a hanging shaft and cylinder sectors of the coal bed, which are near to the hanging shafts, is operated with sector surface ratios formed from the ratio of the horizontal projection of the gas outlet surface at the upper boundary of the bed to the gas-collecting chamber to the cross-sectional surface of the cylinder sector, such that the sector surface ratios differ in at least two cylinder sectors, wherein the ratio of the maximum to minimum sector surface area > 1.1 and the bed surface ratio, as the ratio of the horizontal projection of the entire gas outlet surface to the bed cross-sectional surface, is > 0.25.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a fixed-bed gasification method for static and / or dynamic uniform flow and associated equipment, in particular to a high-specific-capacity gasifier. Background technique [0002] Gasifiers for fixed bed gasification operate at high capacity for economical reasons. For the achievable capacity of the gasifier, it is critical here that the charge flow through as uniformly as possible. It is characterized by the stage-by-stage formation of the reaction zone within the charge of the fixed bed of the fixed-bed gasifier. Ideally from bottom to top are the oxidation reaction zone (combustion zone), the vaporization reaction zone (gasification zone), the pyrolysis reaction zone (pyrolysis zone) and the preheating and drying reaction zone (drying zone). When non-uniform flow through the charge occurs with flow preferably near the walls or in the channels, the reaction zone is disturbed. In areas where the combustion zone may l...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Furthermore, with a high fraction of primary particles in the raw coal or with low tolerances relative to the lower particle size limit of the raw coal, there are additionally capacity limitations, and therefore limitations in the operating parameters of raw coal quality and synthesis gas capacity, This moves to the limit allowed by operating economics

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