[0038] Example 1, see attached figure 1 , figure 2 , image 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , The rapid digging and tree digging device mentioned in the present invention includes a walking chassis 1. The tree digging device is connected to the walking chassis 1 through a slide rail 4, and the slide rail 4 realizes the lifting of the tree digging device through a lifter 3. The tree digging device Including the horizontal support arm Ⅰ5 and the cross support arm Ⅱ6 and the blade part, the middle of the cross support arm Ⅰ5 and the cross support arm Ⅱ6 are installed with the engine 2 for driving the tree cutting device, and the cross support arm Ⅰ5 and the cross support arm Ⅱ6 are installed with vertical cross supports The blade bearing wheel Ⅰ7 and the blade bearing wheel Ⅱ8 of the arm, the blade bearing wheel Ⅰ7 and the blade bearing wheel Ⅱ8 are respectively equipped with a rotary knife rocker arm Ⅰ10 and a rotary knife rocker arm Ⅱ11. The blade bearing wheel Ⅰ7 and the blade bearing wheel Ⅱ8 can be changed in size and A slitting blade 9 is installed, and a cross-cutting blade 12 is connected between the rotary knife rocker arm I10 and the rotary knife rocker arm II11.
[0039] Push the walking chassis 1 to the root of the sapling so that the sapling is located at the center of the line connecting the coaxial sprocket Ⅰ18 and the coaxial sprocket Ⅱ19, start the engine 2, and the belt drives the transmission shafts on the cross arm Ⅰ5 and cross arm Ⅱ6 13. Both ends of the drive shaft 14 are equipped with drive shaft sprocket Ⅰ14 and drive shaft sprocket Ⅱ15. Drive shaft sprocket Ⅰ14 and drive shaft sprocket Ⅱ15 transmit power to the coaxial sprocket set Ⅰ18 and coaxial sprocket set through the chain Ⅱ19, the sprockets on the coaxial sprocket set Ⅰ18 and coaxial sprocket set Ⅱ19 are respectively fixed on both sides of the cross arm Ⅰ5 and the cross arm Ⅱ6. The drive shaft sprocket Ⅰ14 and the drive shaft sprocket Ⅱ15 are powered by the chain It is transmitted to the coaxial sprocket set Ⅰ18 and coaxial sprocket set Ⅱ19. The sprockets on the coaxial sprocket set Ⅰ18 and coaxial sprocket set Ⅱ19 are respectively fixed on both sides of the blade carrier wheel Ⅰ7 and the blade carrier wheel Ⅱ8. While the sprocket set I18 and the coaxial sprocket set II19 rotate, the blade bearing wheel I7 and the blade bearing wheel II8 also rotate at the same angular velocity, thereby realizing power transmission. The inner gears of the coaxial sprocket set Ⅰ18 and the coaxial sprocket set Ⅱ19 drive the cross-cutting rotary knife 12 to rotate through the chain. The two ends of the cross-cutting rotary knife 12 are fixed on the rotary knife rocker arm Ⅰ10 and the rotary knife rocker arm Ⅱ 11. The rotation of the knife rocker arm Ⅰ 10 and the rotary knife rocker arm Ⅱ 11 is controlled by the rocker sprocket 21. The rotary knife rocker arm operating handle 20 is linked by a chain and the rocker sprocket 21, and the rotary knife rocker arm operating handle 20 is manually controlled to achieve control rotation. The rotation direction of the knife rocker arm Ⅰ10 and the rotary knife rocker arm Ⅱ11 to realize the rotary cutting of the bottom of the soil ball.
[0040] After the rotation of the two blade bearing wheels, the elevator 3 is controlled, and the longitudinal blades 9 on the blade bearing wheel I7 and the blade bearing wheel II 8 are contacted with the soil by gravity to start cutting and digging longitudinally. After cutting to the target depth, lock the elevator 3, manually control the rotary knife rocker arm operating handle 20 to rotate the transverse rotary knife 12 to cut the soil and root system, manually control the transverse rotary knife 12 to cut from the soil side of the sapling root to another On one side, complete soil ball mining. Turn off the engine 2, put the soil ball into the packing box, control the elevator 3 to restore the excavating device to the original position, and complete the whole process. Cutting soil balls of different sizes can be achieved by changing the blade bearing wheel Ⅰ7 and blade bearing wheel Ⅱ8 with different radii.
[0041] Blade carrier wheel Ⅰ7 and blade carrier wheel Ⅱ8 can remove the slitting blade 9, replace the digging long knife 22, and remove the rotary knife rocker arm operating handle 20, the rocker chain wheel 21, the rotary knife rocker arm Ⅰ10, and the rotary knife rocker arm Ⅱ11 , Cross-cutting rotary knife 12, coaxial sprocket set I18 and coaxial sprocket set II19 are used as digging machines, and the tree hole digging by the digging machine is the same size as the digging ball of the tree digging machine.
[0042] By adopting the above technical solution and loosening the lifter, the present invention realizes sliding on the slide rail through the action of gravity, so that the excavating blade can abut the soil at the root of the tree, and cut the soil and roots longitudinally downward through the action of gravity and the high-speed rotation of the blade After the vertical cutting of the soil is completed, rotate the rotary knife rocker arm I and the rotary knife rocker arm II, the rotary knife rocker arm I and the rotary knife rocker arm II drive the cross-cutting rotary knife to cut the soil and roots horizontally from the root of the sapling. , The cutting is rotated to the other side, so as to realize the mechanized excavation of saplings.
[0043] Due to the use of fewer transmission sprockets and less energy loss, the engine can transmit more power to the tree-cutting device. At the same time, the structure is simpler. The longitudinal cutting on the blade bearing wheel I and the blade bearing wheel II The blade can slide up and down through the slide rail, and the blade slides to the soil layer and abuts each other, that is, the soil and root system can be cut. After the work is completed, the lifter is operated to make the blade slide upward. The operation process is very simple.
[0044] A blade bearing wheel with a diameter of less than 60cm can cut a soil ball with a maximum diameter of 50cm. The reduction of the blade bearing wheel greatly ensures the lightweight of the equipment and can be driven by a smaller engine. At the same time, fewer sprockets can ensure power transmission and greatly facilitate future equipment maintenance.
[0045] The vertical cutting blade of the vertical blade bearing wheel of the present invention realizes high-speed rotation digging the soil and cutting the root system through the transmission of the chain, and can dig out deep grooves simply and effectively. At the same time, the transmission chain can be exposed and used during the digging process, which is greatly simplified. The use of covering parts facilitates the maintenance and repair of chains and sprockets.
[0046] After the blade of the invention cuts into the soil, the excavated soil can be discharged, and the excavated earth ball can be quickly and effectively rotated and cut, and at the same time, the earth ball is not easily damaged, that is, the excavation speed and the excavation quality are improved.
[0047] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the blade cuts into the soil, the excavated soil can be discharged, and the excavated earth ball can be quickly and effectively rotated. At the same time, the earth ball is not easily damaged, that is, the excavation speed and the excavation quality are improved.
[0048] The present invention is further configured as follows: the tree digging machine mainly uses two circular blades for longitudinal cutting and a spiral blade for rotary cutting, and the cut soil ball becomes a semi-cylinder.
[0049] By adopting the above technical scheme, the excavated soil ball has a uniform size standard compared with the traditional soil ball, has a large root content, and is more convenient for transportation and planting.
[0050] The present invention is further configured as follows: the tree digging machine realizes mechanization and standardization, so the earth ball packaging shell is designed for fixing, transportation and transplanting. The soil ball packaging shell 23 is made of a tough, degradable material, and its size is slightly smaller than the size of the soil ball. The height of the turned-over upper shell 23.1 is 3-5 cm higher than that of the soil ball, and the bottom two thirds are distributed with roots and permeable water. The mesh is 23.2, and the cross section of the earth ball packaging shell 23 is a semicircular structure or an arc structure.
[0051] By adopting the above technical scheme, after the unearthed balls are excavated, they are directly loaded into the packaging shell, so that the use of strapping ropes can be reduced or eliminated, labor is greatly reduced, and the operation is extremely convenient. Since the packaging shell is relatively compact, this reduces the damage rate of the soil ball. In the process of transplanting, since the packaging shell is of degradable material, there is no need to remove the packaging shell. Since the size of the packaging shell is 3-5 cm higher than that of the soil ball, the saplings can be watered directly after transplanting, and no watering is needed, which reduces the amount of watering. At the same time, since the water is no longer absorbed by the surrounding soil, the irrigated water can directly penetrate down to the soil ball and root system, thus greatly improving the water efficiency. The hole-like structure in the lower part of the packaging shell facilitates the root system at the bottom of the soil ball to absorb nutrients from the surrounding soil and facilitate rooting.
[0052] The present invention is further configured as follows: the blade bearing wheel I and the blade bearing wheel II can remove the slitting blade, replace the digging long knife, and remove the rotary knife rocker arm operating handle, the rocker chain wheel, the rotary knife rocker I, and the rotary knife rocker. The arm II, the cross-cutting rotary knife, the coaxial sprocket set I and the coaxial sprocket set II are used as digging machines, and the tree hole digging by the digging machine is the same size as the earth ball digging by the tree digging machine.
[0053] Through the above scheme, the size of the excavated tree hole is consistent with the size of the soil ball, and the soil ball can be placed in the tree hole without backfilling the soil. The soil ball shape makes the planting firm, does not require support, saves labor and time, and creates a new planting mode.
[0054] The method of using a device for digging and digging trees and transplanting quickly mentioned in the present invention includes the following steps:
[0055] First, push the invention to the roots of the saplings, make the saplings located in the center of the line connecting the coaxial sprocket set I18 and the coaxial sprocket set II19, start the engine 2, and the belt drives the sprocket on the cross arm Ⅰ5 and the cross arm Ⅱ6 Transmission shaft 13, transmission shaft sprocket Ⅰ14 and transmission shaft sprocket Ⅱ15 are installed at both ends of transmission shaft 14, transmission shaft sprocket Ⅰ14 and transmission shaft sprocket Ⅱ15 transmit power to coaxial sprocket group Ⅰ18 and coaxial chain through the chain The sprockets on wheel set Ⅱ19, coaxial sprocket set Ⅰ18 and coaxial sprocket set Ⅱ19 are fixed on both sides of cross arm Ⅰ5 and cross arm Ⅱ6, respectively. Drive shaft sprocket Ⅰ14 and drive shaft sprocket Ⅱ15 pass through the chain The power is transmitted to the coaxial sprocket set Ⅰ18 and the coaxial sprocket set Ⅱ19. The sprockets on the coaxial sprocket set Ⅰ18 and coaxial sprocket set Ⅱ19 are respectively fixed on both sides of the blade carrier wheel Ⅰ7 and the blade carrier wheel Ⅱ8. While the coaxial sprocket set Ⅰ18 and the coaxial sprocket set Ⅱ19 rotate, the blade bearing wheel Ⅰ7 and the blade bearing wheel Ⅱ8 also rotate at the same angular velocity, thereby realizing power transmission;
[0056] The inner gears of the coaxial sprocket set Ⅰ18 and the coaxial sprocket set Ⅱ19 drive the cross-cutting rotary knife 12 to rotate through the chain. The two ends of the cross-cutting rotary knife 12 are fixed on the rotary knife rocker arm Ⅰ10 and the rotary knife rocker arm Ⅱ 11. The rotation of the knife rocker arm Ⅰ 10 and the rotary knife rocker arm Ⅱ 11 is controlled by the rocker sprocket 21. The rotary knife rocker arm operating handle 20 is linked by a chain and the rocker sprocket 21, and the rotary knife rocker arm operating handle 20 is manually controlled to achieve control rotation. Rotation direction of knife rocker arm Ⅰ10 and rotary knife rocker arm Ⅱ11 to realize the rotary cutting of the bottom of the soil ball;
[0057] After the two blade bearing wheels rotate, control the elevator 3, and use gravity to make the longitudinal blade 9 on the blade bearing wheel Ⅰ7 and the blade bearing wheel Ⅱ8 contact the soil, and start cutting and digging longitudinally; after cutting to the target depth, lock the elevator 3. Manually control the rotary knife rocker arm operating handle 20 to turn the transverse rotary knife 12 to cut the soil and root system, manually control the transverse rotary knife 12 to cut the soil from one side of the root of the sapling to the other side, complete the soil ball excavation, and turn off the engine 2 , Put the soil ball into the soil ball packaging shell 23, control the lifter 3 to restore the excavating device to the initial position, and complete the entire tree excavation process;
[0058] Secondly, remove the slitting blade from the blade carrier wheel I and the blade carrier wheel II of the present invention, replace the digging long knife 22, and remove the rotary knife rocker arm operating handle, the rocker chain wheel, the rotary knife rocker arm I, and the rotary knife rocker. Arm II, cross-cutting rotary knife, coaxial sprocket set I and coaxial sprocket set II are used as digging machines, and the tree hole digging by the digging machine is the same size as the earth ball digging by the tree digging machine;
[0059] Thirdly, move the soil ball packaging shell and the dug tree to the tree hole, and there is no need to backfill the soil. Since the soil ball packaging shell is 3-5 cm higher than the soil ball, it can be directly watered after transplanting the saplings. The whole transplanting process is completed after the water trap is carried out.
