Fluidized bed gas distributor, fluidized bed reactor and gasification method

Abstract

The invention discloses a fluidized bed gas distributor, a fluidized bed reactor and a gasification method, relates to the technical field of coal gasification and can increase the fluidization effectof a bed layer and reduce a flow dead zone of a gasification agent on an upper bed layer. The fluidized bed gas distributor comprises a cylindrical first housing with an opened upper end and a sealedlower end; a gas distribution plate is arranged in the first housing, a gas chamber comprises a first gas chamber and a second gas chamber which are mutually separated from each other and is enclosedbetween the gas distribution plate and the first housing, the gas distribution plate comprises a first gas distribution plate and a second gas distribution plate, the second gas distribution plate ispositioned above the first gas distribution plate, is cylindrical and is vertically arranged, the first gas distribution plate is connected with the lower end of the second gas distribution plate, the first gas distribution plate corresponds to the first gas chamber, and the second gas distribution plate corresponds to the second gas chamber. The fluidized bed gas distributor, the fluidized bed reactor and the gasification method disclosed by the invention can be used for the generation of coal gas.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of coal gasification, in particular to a fluidized bed gas distributor, a fluidized bed reactor and a gasification method thereof. Background technique [0002] Coal catalytic gasification technology is an important way of clean and efficient utilization of coal, and it is one of the most efficient gasification technologies for coal-to-natural gas. Coal catalytic gasification is usually carried out in a fluidized bed reactor (such as a common fluidized bed gasifier), in which the raw coal is kept under the action of a bottom-up gasification agent. Continuous boiling and suspension state movement, rapid mixing and heat exchange, the coal gas generated by the reaction of raw coal and gasification agent is discharged from the exhaust pipeline at the top of the fluidized bed reactor, and the slag generated by the reaction is discharged from the fluidized bed reactor. It is discharged from the slag discharge lin...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] However, for the medium and high pressure coal gasification process, especially the coal catalytic gasification process, the solid phase bed in the fluidized bed reactor is relatively high, and its operating pressure is high, and the gas compression is serious, while the existing gas distributor is Located at the bottom of the fluidized bed reactor, the gasification agent enters the reaction chamber through the gas distributor and only contacts the bed in a small part of the bottom area, and the gasification agent has less contact with the bed in the upper area. This leads to uneven contact between the gasification agent and the entire bed, resulting in uneven fluidization of the bed, and a large dead area for the gasification agent to flow in the upper bed, which is not conducive to the gasification agent and the bed. The reaction of the bed; the poor fluidization of the bed and the large dead area of ​​the gasification agent in the upper part of the bed will easily lead to uneven distribution of the heat released by the combustion of oxygen in the gasification agent, resulting in local high temperature, resulting in gas distributors Particle sintering and slagging in the surrounding bed area will have a negative impact on the stability of the fluidized bed reactor, and eventually cause the fluidized bed reactor to fail to operate stably and be forced to stop

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