A cashmere-like dyeing and finishing process of orange petal-shaped polyester-nylon composite fiber fabric and its fiber-opening agent

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of dyeing and finishing in the textile industry, and discloses a napping, dyeing and finishing process for orange segment-shaped polyester-nylon composite fiber fabrics and a splitting agent thereof. The napping, dyeing and finishing process comprises the following steps: (1) open-width scouring; (2) preshrinking-presplitting; (3) splitting by the splitting agent; (4) presetting; (5) dyeing; (6) setting. The invention has the following advantages and effects: the design of the splitting agent formula and a two-step splitting process thereof facilitates the sufficient splitting of the fibers and better balance the contradiction between fluffiness and damage caused by strong force; compared with conventional polyester sea-island filament napped fabrics, theinvention can omit the step of napping, the process flow is simple, and soaping fastness and rubbing fastness are remarkably increased.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of dyeing and finishing of the textile industry, in particular to a velvet-like dyeing and finishing process for orange petal-shaped polyester-nylon composite fiber fabrics and a fiber opener. Background technique [0002] Superfine fiber is one of the varieties with the highest technical content in differential chemical fibers. It has excellent characteristics that ordinary fibers do not have. The fiber has small diameter, large specific surface area, low bending stiffness, and particularly soft hand feeling. It can produce soft suede. High-end textiles. However, due to the limitation of spinneret processing technology, it is difficult to refine the fiber by changing the size of the spinning hole. In order to obtain ultra-fine denier fiber, the composite fiber is produced by composite spinning technology, and then processed by the fiber opening process. Microfibers are produced. [0003] Composite fibers are mainly...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

1. The effect on the reduction of fastness is significantly higher than that of conventional fibers

The main reasons are as follows: ①The specific surface area of ​​the fiber is large, and it has a strong ability to adsorb dyes, and it is easy to form multiple layers of overlapping adsorption on the surface of the fiber. The binding force is weak, and the dyes are easy to fall off; , while the color fastness of disperse dyes is relatively poor after dyeing. Under the soaping test conditions, some dyes inside the dyed fiber are easy to migrate from the inside of the fiber to the surface of the fiber, and desorbed into the dye solution, resulting in poor color fastness; ③Dye Effects of Thermal Migration

2. Dyeing is not easy to dye evenly

The main reasons are as follows: ① Polyester-nylon composite yarn has thin fibers, large specific surface area, and fast adsorption of dyes to fibers, which is easy to cause uneven adsorption; ② After chemical and mechanical fiber opening, the fiber cross-section is irregular and the surface is rough, so the adsorption The amount is more than conventional fibers; ③ ultra-fine fibers are more sensitive to physical and chemical effects in wet heat processing before dyeing than conventional fibers, such as fiber opening, setting, etc. Once heated, force or chemical effects are uneven, dyeing will occur uneven

3. Two-phase color registration is uneven

Since disperse dyes can dye both polyester and nylon, it is easy to cause two-phase unevenness

4. Poor dyeing depth

5. It is easy to change color when the finished product is finalized

For example, (1) light color dyeing under acidic conditions, disperse dyes are easy to dye flowers; (2) poor dyeing depth, such as black dyeing is not deep; (3) particularly poor dyeing fastness, such as polyester island silk suede, friction The fastness is usually only grade 1-2; (4) The strength of the fabric is severely damaged or the fabric loses too much weight

These common problems have not been effectively solved, especially the problem of color fastness, which greatly affects the wearing performance and scope of use of fabrics.

In addition, the composite fiber imitation suede or imitation peach skin in the market must inevitably go through the sanding process, and some knitted warp-knitted fabrics also need to be brushed and sheared, the process becomes longer and the production The cost is greatly increased, and at the same time, after the sanding process, it will affect the uniformity of the subsequent dyeing and the strength of the fabric

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