Metal smelting method and smelting furnace

Abstract

The invention relates to a metal smelting method. The metal smelting method comprises the steps that inert gas is continuously fed into molten metal, and parameters of the fed inert gas are adjusted according to various stages of the molten metal so that the molten metal can be located in a continuously-stirred state; and in the upward floating process of micro-bubbles of the inert gas, H and oxide generated in the molten metal are absorbed and entrained out, and escape from the surface of the molten metal, and the purpose of refining the molten metal is achieved. Compared with a conventionalrefining agent method, the metal smelting method has the advantages that the degassing rate is higher, and the slag removal effect is better. In addition, the metal smelting method does not cause thepollution such as exhaust gas / dust containing chlorine and fluorine, is beneficial to environmental protection and reduces the environmental protection cost. By the adoption of the metal smelting method, a furnace door does not need to be opened repeatedly, the contact between the molten metal and the air is reduced, and the metal oxidation burning loss and the energy consumption are reduced. Themetal smelting method further has the technical effects that the temperature field effect and the gravity field effect can be effectively overcome, and the microsegregation of alloy elements is reduced. The invention further relates to a smelting furnace matched with the metal smelting method.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of metal smelting, in particular to a metal smelting method and a smelting furnace. Background technique [0002] In the field of metallurgy, melting metal with a smelting furnace is a very common and important process. The molten metal liquid is used to cast various shapes of metal parts or alloy parts. The furnace body of the smelting furnace is mostly made of regular, flat corundum or high-aluminum high-temperature-resistant, wear-resistant, and impermeable refractory materials. During the aluminum alloy smelting process, hydrogen and oxidation inclusions brought by water vapor in the air are the main substances that pollute the aluminum melt. Metal aluminum reacts chemically with water vapor at high temperature to generate hydrogen and oxides (A1 2 o 2 、Al 2 O, AlO) are dissolved in molten aluminum, and are also very easy to absorb gas (H), whose content accounts for 70-90% of the total gas in the a...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0006] It can be seen from the above introduction that the existing aluminum alloy smelting process has the following problems: (1) During the entire refining process, the number of times of opening and closing the furnace door is relatively large, the heat of the melt spreads greatly, and the temperature drop is large, so it is necessary to frequently fire for heating It takes more than 30 minutes to heat up and keep warm for more than 30 minutes, so the energy consumption is very large

(2) Opening the furnace door multiple times (the furnace door is opened for at least 1 hour in the whole process) will also increase the probability of the melt contacting the outside air, causing water vapor in the air and other substances containing hydrogen and oxygen elements to enter the aluminum melt In the body, the hydrogen content, oxide film and other indicators are all on the high side

(4) During the purification operation of refining agents, a large amount of toxic gas / dust containing chlorine and fluorine is often discharged, which brings a great burden to the supporting environmental protection facilities of the enterprise, not only high operating costs, but also easy to corrode environmental protection Ancillary equipment and facilities, etc.; at the same time, a large amount of aluminum slag containing chlorine and fluorine will be produced. After the aluminum slag is recovered from the residual metal aluminum, solid substances containing fluorine will be discharged, which will bring serious pollution to the surrounding environment.

(5) In the existing aluminum alloy smelting process, stirring is an intermittent operation, so it is difficult to ensure the uniformity of aluminum melt, and the uniformity of aluminum liquid and alloy composition will directly affect the quality of future metal castings

Uniformity will be affected by gravity field effect, temperature field effect, metal genetics, etc., making it difficult to improve the quality of metal alloy castings

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