Balanced fertilization method for Chinese yam cultivation in semi-arid areas

Abstract

The invention discloses a balanced fertilization method for Chinese yam cultivation in semi-arid areas. The specific methods are as follows: (1) applying base fertilizer: applying pure nitrogen at 180kg / hm<2>, P2O5 at 180kg / hm<2> and K2O at 120kg / hm<2> as base fertilizer before planting; and (2) topdressing: carrying out water distributing and topdressing in different growth stages of Chinese yam,and carrying out integrated management of water and fertilizer. The step (2) specifically includes the following sub-steps: (1) in the stage from seedling emerging to branch stretching: carrying outirrigation once; (2) in the stage from branch stretching to tendril growing: carrying out irrigation once, and applying pure nitrogen at 29.5kg / hm<2> together with water; (3) in the stage from tendrilgrowing to plant bud forming: carrying out irrigation once, and applying pure nitrogen at 25.0kg / hm<2> and K2O at 11.7kg / hm<2> together with water; (4) in the stage of root forming: carrying out irrigation once; and (5) in the stage from bulbil forming to harvesting: carrying out irrigation four times, applying pure nitrogen at 22.5kg / hm<2> and K2O at 14.0kg / hm<2> during the first irrigation, applying K2O at 14.0kg / hm<2> during the second irrigation, and applying K2O at 11.7kg / hm<2> during the third irrigation. A technical means of water and fertilizer integrated management is adopted in themethod. Compared with ordinary cultivation in open field, water is saved by 1000m<3> per hectare, fertilizer is saved by 280kg per hectare, labor is saved by 90 working days, the yield of Chinese yarnis increased to 18055.56 kg / hm<2>, and the weight per plant is more than 250g.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of yam planting, and in particular relates to a balanced fertilization method for yam cultivation in a semi-arid area. Background technique [0002] Pingliang yam is a yam variety with local characteristics. The yam cubes are thick, in the shape of drumsticks, and the meat is white with sticky juice. It is loose, delicate and sweet after being cooked. The Pingliang yam plant is twining and sprawling, with strong branching; the leaves are opposite, halberd-shaped and nearly triangular, 7cm long, 6.2cm wide, dark green, with several spikes growing on the upper part of the stem in the leaf axils, and the flowers are white. There are also bulbils (a deformed stem that is born in the leaf axils, in an irregular spherical shape). Pingliang yam has been planted for more than 400 years. Its roots are delicate and nutritious. In addition to rich starch, protein, vitamins and carbohydrates and other nutrients, it als...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to: provide a method of balanced fertilization for yam cultivation in semi-arid areas, improve the level of balanced fertilization of yams in semi-arid areas in Northwest China through balanced fertilization formulas, determine the optimal amount of fertilization, and integrated water and fertilizer management techniques, and solve the problems caused by yams. Problems such as degradation of yam varieties, low product yield and difficult harvesting caused by backward cultivation technology

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