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Method for breeding of new rice variety and hybridized rice by distant hybridization and double dominancy of polyploid

A technology of distant hybridization and hybridization of rice, applied in the fields of botany equipment and methods, applications, plant gene improvement, etc., can solve problems such as low seed setting rate of autotetraploid, uneven distribution of chromosomes, and affecting the fertility of male and female gametes , to achieve the effect of overcoming instability of offspring, good quality and resistance, and large yield

Inactive Publication Date: 2002-11-27
湖北大学生命科学学院 +2
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Problems solved by technology

The third is that in the past 50 years, rice polyploidy breeding has been studied by a few scientists, but almost all polyploids obtained are autotetraploids, which have not yet exceeded the level of inter-subspecies polyploidy, while autopolyploidy During somatic meiosis, the pairing of homologous chromosomes is easy to form mixed phenomena such as tetravalent, trivalent, bivalent and monovalent, which leads to the inability of chromosomes to be evenly distributed to daughter cells, thereby affecting the fertility of male and female gametes. Autotetraploid has a low seed setting rate and poor offspring stability, so until today there is no polyploid rice variety used in production

Method used

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Embodiment Construction

[0045] The present invention is further described below with embodiment.

[0046] This technology has been used to obtain good results of high seed setting rate and strong dominance in polyploid tropical japonica rice (belonging to Java type) and apomictic rice hybrids; A strain with high seed setting and strong dominance.

[0047] Since 1996, we have obtained inter-subspecific hybrids with apomictic rice lineage by crossing apomictic rice lines as parents with distant indica or japonica rice. In 1997, the inter-subspecies hybrid was selected for wide compatibility gene, apomictic reproduction and Ph gene, and 0.1----0.3% colchicine was used to treat the hybrid seedlings at the peak tillering stage to obtain polyploid plants Department of 16. In 1998, the plants of different strains were selected and bred, and 5 strains with a seed setting rate of 62.1-82.8% were obtained, and their main characters are shown in Table 1.

[0048] Table 1 The traits of several apomictic...

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Abstract

A breeding method based on distant hybridization and polyploid features that the parents for hydridization, which can increase the hybridization affinity, decrease the progeny sterility and have no special mictic and pH genes, are chosen, after plyploid induction and discrimination the hybrids between subunits, between varieties and between varieties with same or different genomes to obtain polyploid rice variety, and the characteristics of male sterility and male restoring gene are used to obtain hybridized polyploid rice. Its advantage is high yield increased by times.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for breeding new rice varieties and hybrid rice, in particular to a method for breeding new rice varieties and hybrid rice by utilizing the double advantages of distant hybridization and polyploidy. Background technique [0002] Facing the severe challenges of continuous population growth, sharp land reduction, and potential crisis of food shortage, the rice breeding community in the world is breeding super rice and super hybrid rice. 13-15 tons of grain. There are many difficulties to achieve this goal. One is that almost all of the existing conventional breeding and hybrid rice breeding are carried out at the diploid level, using favorable gene combinations in the same genome (A genome) and partially introducing a few foreign genes; while rice is diploid body, the genome is small, the DNA content is small, and the chromosomes are small. Therefore on this basis, it is very difficult to wan...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01H1/02
Inventor 蔡得田袁隆平卢兴桂
Owner 湖北大学生命科学学院
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