71 results about "Female gametes" patented technology

The invention provides a method for effectively reducing environmental risk caused by pollen propagation of transgene plant. In the method, two tightly linked gene expression cassettes of 1) a pollen lethal gene ZM-AA1 driven by a pollen growth anaphase singular promoter PG47 and 2) a fluorescence screening mark gene FP driven by a callus / seed coat singular promoter END 2 are transferred to a Zhonghua 11 wild type material. During selfing fructification of a single plant carrying a single copy transgene, a pollen grain without carrying the transgene can be fertilized with a female gamete normally, but a pollen grain carrying the transgene is abortive in pollen growth anaphase and can not be fertilized with a female gamete, so as to reduce risk of transgene drift in the environment.

The invention discloses a method for rapidly obtaining a tripod of siraitia grosvenorii. The method comprises the following steps: soaking a female flower at a reduction mitosis stage by using a novel chromosome doubling agent Oryzalin with high induction efficiency and low toxicity according to the floral traits of female flower megaspore mother cells in reduction mitosis to inhibit normal separation of chromosomes in reduction mitosis and induce the production of unreduced female gametes; and after the female flower to be treated blooms, pollinating by using diploid male plant pollen to obtain a tripod descendant. By adopting the method, the technical problems of long cultivation time, the need of screening unreduced gametes during cultivation of the siraitia grosvenorii tripod by manual induction of the unreduced female gametes and the like in the conventional tripod cultivation method of siraitia grosvenorii are solved effectively, the tripod can be successfully obtained conveniently and easily in one growing period, and technical support is provided for the creation of abundant new siraitia grosvenorii tripod germplasms as well as the cultivation of new seedless tripod varieties.

Compositions and methods for producing a plant population lacking sexually derived embryos are provided. Compositions include suppression cassettes encoding polynucleotides and promoters resulting in parthenogenesis. Further provided are parthenogenesis genetic elements used to prevent sexual reproduction in self-reproducing plants.

Methods include: utilizing maternal embryo defective recessive mutations which are maintained as a sterile inbred maintenance system, allowing generation of populations that are homozygous for recessive mutant alleles, but transgenically complemented. Methods include utilizing a toxin genes expressed via egg-cell specific promoters, creating a dominant, embryo-less phenotypes, non-transmittable through female gametes. Resultant hemizygous plants are transformed with egg-cell promoters driving the antidote, a pollen ablation PTU and a seed color marker for identification of transgenic seed. The generation of a plants 50% female fertile, having seed which when grown in the next generation will yield plants with 50% viable transgenic seed, and 50% non-viable embryo-less seed.

The invention discloses a pinus massoniana embryogenic callus proliferation and maintenance culture method. The method includes: placing a filamentous embryogenic callus cell cluster obtained by induction of 3-4 weeks of a conventional somatic embryo and an embryogenic callus obtained by separation of a female gamete into a petri dish with a culture medium I; removing dead cells and unnecessary tissues in embryogenic calli in 4-6 weeks; transferring into a centrifugal tube, adding a culture medium II, mixing and well shaking; adding an embryogenic culture obtained after well shaking into a petri dish with a culture medium III; after 6-8 weeks, directly transferring an appropriate size of the embryogenic calli into a culture medium IV for normal subculture in a subculture period of 10-14d to finally obtain a pinus massoniana embryogenic cell line which is fast in growth, vigorous and available for long-term subculture. Evident browning and water soaking of the embryogenic calli in long-term subculture are avoided, the embryogenic calli grow fast, proliferation effects are stably high, the proliferation coefficient reaches 25 or above, and high economic benefits and social benefits are achieved.

The invention relates to an oryza sativa male sterility gene OsFIGNL1 (oryza sativa Fidgetin-like 1) and an application thereof. The nucleotide sequence of the gene OsFIGNL1 is shown as SEQ ID NO:1. One function lost mutant of OsFIGNL1 is obtained through <60>Co-gamma mutagenesis, and the mutant in a field planting environment shows the following characteristics: vegetative growth of plants are normal, male plants are sterile, pollen is 100% typically abortive, and development of female gametes is not affected. Meiosis squashing operation shows that chromosome behaviors are severely affected by function loss of OsFIGNL1 during meiosis, and developmental defects of microspores are caused finally. The mutant can be applied to breeding of new dominant varieties of oryza sativa hybrids. The gene OsFIGNL1 can serve as a functional gene for regulating meiosis of oryza sativa to be applied to oryza sativa heterosis creation work in future and has huge development and utilization value and broad market application prospect.

The present invention relates to methods for increasing the developmental competence of at least one mammalian germ cell, gamete, zygote, early embryo, implanted blastocyst and/or embryo by administrating a compound which is capable of inhibiting the de novo biosynthesis of sterols and thereby establishing cellular conditions that improve their development and survival. The invention also relates to methods for increasing the sterol efflux prior to fertilisation from at least one mammalian ovary, oocyte, female gamete, or ovary derived cell surrounding an oocyte by administrating a compound which is capable of promoting the sterol efflux and thereby reducing the phopholipid/sterol ratio of said cells.

The invention relates to an establishing method of a Cnobilis inbred line, which can quickly purify the genome of the Cnobilis, so as to accelerate variety breeding. Individuals containing female and male germ cells and appearing as female, namely hermaphrodites, are selected through micrographic examination, an egg is fertilized by sperm in the same individual through induced parturition hastening or dissection fertilization, the amount of the sperms are increased or reduced artificially by taking measures to artificially interfere and adjust the relative proportion of the male and the female gametes in the water, and hatching, breeding and cultivating are carried out according to the ordinary technology of the species, so as to establish the inbred line. The establishing method of the Cnobilis inbred line is simple to operate, requires no special chemical reagent, and is easy to popularize and apply.

The invention belongs to the technical field of seaweed cultivation, and discloses a method for producing caulerpa lentillifera seedlings by utilizing artificial sexual breeding. The method comprisesthe following steps: selecting caulerpa lentillifera which grows for more than two months and is good in growth vigor, cleaning miscellaneous algae on the surfaces of the caulerpa lentillifera, and pre-culturing the caulerpa lentillifera to serve as seed caulerpa lentillifera; inducing the seed caulerpa lentillifera at a low temperature (15-20 DEG C), culturing the seed caulerpa lentillifera underconventional conditions, and changing water at regular intervals until sexual maturity is observed; and transferring the seed caulerpa lentillifera into a disinfected nursery pond laid with an adherance, giving certain illumination stimulation, culturing and releasing male and female gametes, then transferring the seed caulerpa lentillifera out of the nursery pond, and culturing fertilized eggs for 1-2 months after field planting to obtain artificial seedlings. According to the method disclosed by the invention, the caulerpa lentillifera seedlings can be produced by utilizing sexual breeding,the method is suitable for large-scale breeding of the caulerpa lentillifera seedlings, the breeding efficiency is high, and seedling production is not limited by seasons.

The invention provides a novel method for breeding kelp seedlings with a gametophyte cloning method, comprising the following steps of: respectively separating a female cell on a female gametophyte and a male cell on a male gametophyte under a microscope by using a capillary tube separation technology; then respectively cloning the female cell and the male cell by using a cloning vegetative propagation technology to respectively grow the female cell and the male cell into female and male gametophytes; continually breeding the gametophytes; when the gametophytes are bred to a fixed amount, damping a formed cell cluster by a cell stamping machine; mixing the female and male gametophytes and respectively releasing ova and sperms by the female and male gametophytes to spontaneously fertilize;putting fertilized zygotes into nutritive salt to be cultured; and after 10 weeks, obtaining seedlings with the height of about 1.5 cm. According to the invention, a fertilization process and the control of temperature and illumination are realized by manual operation, so that the growth period of offspring seeds is greatly shortened; meanwhile, the female cell and the male cell are separated from the gametophytes by using the capillary tube separation technology to clone and culture, so that the quality and the yield of the seedlings are improved, the cultivation of the kelp can be satisfied; and by utilizing the novel method, the cost for breeding the kelp seedlings is low.

The invention discloses an application of a rice gene OsDES1. The invention discloses for the first time that the rice gene OsDES1 has a biological function of regulating and controlling plant fertility. The function of the gene is verified in rice based on a gene knockout experiment and an overexpression experiment, a CRISPR/Cas9 gene knockout vector is constructed to transform Nipponbare of rice, female gametes of transgenic plants grow abnormally, and fertility is reduced; after the pCUBi1390-OSDES1 overexpression vector is used for converting a mutant des1, the fertility of the female gamete of the transgenic plant is recovered, namely, the female plant is partially aborted due to OSDES1 gene function loss type mutation, and the fertility is recovered to be normal through the overexpression of the gene. The rice OSDES1 gene is not completely aborted after the function is lost, part of seeds can be harvested, the rice OSDES1 gene can form favorable supplementation with other femalesterile genes, and a new gene resource is provided for rice intelligent restorer line breeding.

A breeding method for solving a color difference problem of colored fresh-eating corn grains is characterized in that conventional colchicine or herbicide induction and other chemical induction methods are adopted, a female gamete chromosomal of an amphiphilic selfing line is induced for doubling to make genotypes including a genotype controlling grain colors highly homozygous; followed by, according to color standards of varieties, grain color and depth phenotypes are subjected to genotype identification and selection; an amphiphilic selfing line with pure and uniform colors and consistent genotypes and phenotypes is obtained, finally, pure colors and uniform color depth of hybrid grains in a fresh-eating period and a hybrid mature period are achieved, and the color ratio is consistent to a theoretical value; and the breeding method has the technical effects that the color genotypes are highly homozygous, the grain colors in the fresh-eating period are pure and uniform, and the color phenotype ratio is consistent to the theoretical value. No matter compared with conventional techniques or molecular techniques, the method has the advantages of good color effect, accurate breeding result, high breeding efficiency, fast homozygous speed, low economic cost, simple techniques, easy operation, and convenience for application.

The invention relates to a chromosomal localization method for FSML (female-specific marker of Laminaria japonica Aresch)-1488. The method comprises the steps of preparation of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) with target fragment FSML-1488 plasmids, preparation of gametophyte chromosomes of the Laminaria japonica Aresch, preparation of probes, and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The method has the advantages of preparing the high-quality chromosomes on the basis of obtaining protoplast of antiphyte and gametophyte of the Laminaria japonica Aresch by the optimal coordination of various tool enzymes such as macerozyme, abalone enzyme, cellulose and pectinase, breaking through the technology bottleneck of the FISH technology in the research of algology, and successfully locating the FSML-1488 with the length being 1488bp on the chromosomes.

The invention provides a method for facilitating ovulation of kelp female gametophytes. The method includes the steps: resuscitating kelp germplasm filaments in seawater, crushing kelp germplasms, andfiltering crushed liquid to obtain filament fragments with the lengths of 3-6 cells; performing aerated suspension culture on the filament fragments under the conditions of the illumination intensityof 6000+/-300lx, the illumination cycle of L:D=12h:12h and the temperature of 15+/-1 DEG C to collect eggs; culturing the collected eggs to obtain young kelp sporophytes, culturing the young kelp sporophytes, and performing culture by running water at the stage of young sporophytes of two rows of cells. According to the method, female kelp germplasms can ovulate in 11-13 days, ovulation time is shortened, ovulation rate is high, ovulation synchronization is good, ovulation rate within two days can reach 65-70%, and egg development rate can reach 70-80%. According to the built culture method of young sporophytes, the aberration rate of the young sporophytes can be reduced to 50-60%.

The present invention relates to methods for increasing the developmental competence of at least one mammalian germ cell, gamete, zygote, early embryo, implanted blastocyst and/or embryo by administering a compound which is capable of inhibiting the de novo biosynthesis of sterols and thereby establishing cellular conditions that improve their development and survival. The invention also relates to methods for increasing the sterol efflux prior to fertilisation from at least one mammalian ovary, oocyte, female gamete, or ovary derived cell surrounding an oocyte by administering a compound which is capable of promoting the sterol efflux and thereby reducing the phospholipid/sterol ratio of said cells.

The invention relates to a cultivation method and development and application of a new variety of eucommia ulmoides triploid. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: a, inducing 2n female gametes: treating female flower buds on eucommia ulmoides female plant bodies by adopting 0.05-0.5 wt% colchicine solution and treating at the high temperature of 40-50 DEG C; b, artificial pollination; c, collecting seeds; d, sowing and seedling raising; e, ploidy detection; f, grafting, wherein buds with the diameter of 0.8-1 cm on the triploid plants are grafted to the diploid plants. The method has the advantage of improving the yield of the eucommia triploid.

The invention discloses a molecular marker for identifying fertility of hybrid progeny of common wild rice and cultivated rice and an application of the molecular marker. The rice molecular marker isnucleotide, corresponding to the 2099th position in sequence 1 of a sequence table, in a rice genome, namely, T or C. Experiments prove that the rice molecular marker is related to fertility of distant hybrid progeny of rice, especially fertility of female gametes; in the hybrid progeny of the common wild rice and the cultivated rice, fertility of TT genotype rice with the rice fertility molecularmarkers in two chromosomes being both T and fertility of TC genotype rice with the rice fertility molecular markers being T in one chromosome and C in the other chromosome are lower than the fertility of CC genotype rice with the rice fertility molecular markers in two chromosomes being both C; the female gametes of the TT genotype rice and the TC genotype rice develop abnormally, while female gametes and male gametes of the CC genotype rice develop normally. Therefore, the molecular marker can be used for detecting the fertility of the distance hybrid progeny of the rice, especially the fertility of the female gametes.

The invention belongs to the field of oilseed rape biology, and particularly relates to an Indel molecular marker for identifying oilseed rape female sterile germplasm resource mutants and application of the Indel molecular marker. The applicant discovers a female sterile brassica napus, and genetic analysis shows that the female sterile character is controlled by two recessive nuclear genes, one of the recessive nuclear genes is located in the ChrA07 30-kb interval and is closely linked with the recessive nuclear genes is ID4-62 and ID4-66, and the other of the recessive nuclear genes is located in the ChrA07 30-kb interval and is closely linked with the recessive nuclear genes. The other one is located in a ChrC06 67-kb interval, and markers closely linked with the other one are SS3-C6-9 and SS3-C6-13. The primer group ID4-62 and the primer group SS3-C6-13 are used as an identification combination, the female sterile material of the brassica napus can be identified, and a material basis is provided for studying a plant female gametogenesis mechanism and applying female sterile characters by exploring the material.