The invention discloses a lead ion visual detection method and detection kit. The detection kit comprises a test strip detection platform, a buffer system and nucleotide sequences A, B C and D. By means of the characteristics that the A, B, C and D are partially complementary in sequence and the A has a lead ion specific recognition element, A-B heteroduplex and lead ion recognition are utilized, the A and lead ions form a G-tetramer structure, and the A is dissociated out; then the B-chain obtained through replacement is dripped onto a sample pad of the test strip for detection, and the B forms a macroscopic strip in the detection area by continuing to be combined with the C. Neither traditional 8-17DNAzyme nor RNA synthesis nor antibodies are needed, the detection result is directly macroscopic, operation is easy, cost is low, and the lead ion visual detection method and detection kit are suitable for being used and popularized in units. The lead detection limit of the method is 1 nM which is lower than 72 nM, the maximum allowable limit, ruled by the USEPA, of lead ions in drinking water.