[0014] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and the best embodiments.
[0015] As shown in the figure, the present invention discloses a control method for intelligent irrigation, which is characterized by including the following steps: a. The weather station maintains a communication connection with the cloud server, collects environmental parameters of the irrigation area through the weather station, and converts the environmental parameters Transmit to the cloud server; b. The cloud server calculates the water demand of the crop according to the environmental parameters, and determines the walking speed of the sprinkler according to the water demand of the crop; c. The centralized control station maintains the communication connection with the cloud server, and the cloud server instructs the walking speed of the sprinkler Send to the centralized control station; d. The centralized control station receives the sprinkler irrigation machine walking speed command, turns on the sprinkler irrigation machine, and sends the start pump command to the pump station at the same time; e. The pump station receives the start pump command, starts the water pump, and opens the hydraulic control valve. The invention collects the environmental parameters in the irrigation area in real time through the weather station, and calculates the crop water requirement through the Penman-Montis formula, thereby realizing precise irrigation with adaptive capabilities for climate and terrain, and scientifically and effectively collecting agricultural conditions Combined with intelligent irrigation, different irrigation schemes are formulated according to the different irrigation needs of crops and different geographical environments, which improves irrigation accuracy and resource utilization, reduces labor costs, and can save more than 15% of water compared with traditional irrigation methods.
[0016] According to the above-mentioned embodiment, preferably, the sprinkler is a central pivot sprinkler. The pivot sprinkler is also called a pointer sprinkler, which fixes the rotating pivot of the sprinkler at the center of the irrigation area. On the reinforced concrete support, the lower end of the center of the support shaft seat is connected with the well pump outlet pipe or pressure pipe, and the upper end is connected with the rotating elbow through a rotating mechanism (snubber ring), and a spray system on the truss sprays water to the crop. Irrigation machinery for increasing water production.
[0017] According to the above embodiment, preferably, the weather station is an integrated weather station, the integrated weather station includes a solar irradiator, an anemometer, and a temperature and humidity detector, which can simultaneously measure atmospheric temperature, humidity, wind speed, wind direction, The main meteorological elements such as air pressure and solar radiation are small in size and low in space occupancy. The installation can be completed by fixing the components once, which improves work efficiency.
[0018] According to real-time transmission of environmental parameters and available local environmental parameter values, the crop water requirement is calculated through the Penman-Monteith formula. The Penman-Monteith formula is the latest amendment proposed by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization Penman's formula has been widely used and has been proven to have high accuracy and usability.
[0019] Penman-Monteith formula:
[0020]
[0021] Where, ET 0 ——Reference crop evapotranspiration, mm/d; Δ——The tangent slope of the temperature-saturated water vapor pressure relationship curve at T, kPa·℃ -1; R n ——Net radiation, MJ/(m 2 · D).
[0022]
[0023] In the formula, T——average temperature, ℃; e a ——Saturated vapor pressure, kpa.
[0024]
[0025] R n =R ns -R nl
[0026] Where R ns ——Net shortwave radiation, MJ/(m 2 ·D); R nl ——Net long wave radiation, MJ/(m 2 · D).
[0027] R ns =0.77(0.25+0.5n/N)R a
[0028] In the formula, n——the actual sunshine hours, h; N——the maximum possible sunshine hours, h; R a ——Solar radiation at the edge of the atmosphere, MJ/(m 2 · D).
[0029] N=7.64Ws
[0030] Where W s ——The number of hours of sunshine, rad.
[0031] W s =arccos(-tanψ·tanδ)
[0032] In the formula, ψ-geographic latitude, rad; δ-solar inclination, rad.
[0033] δ=0.409·sin(0.0172J-1.39)
[0034] In the formula, J——day ordinal number (1st day of January and month, cumulative day by day).
[0035] R a = 37.6·d r (W s ·Sinψ·sinδ+cosψ·cosδ·sinW s )
[0036] Where R a ——Solar radiation at the edge of the atmosphere, MJ/(m 2 ·D); d r ——The relative distance between the sun and the earth.
[0037]
[0038]
[0039] Where e d ——The actual vapor pressure, kpa.
[0040]
[0041] In the formula, RH max ——Maximum daily relative humidity, %; T min ——The lowest daily temperature, ℃; e a (T min )——T min Hourly saturated vapor pressure, kpa; e d (T min )——T min Actual water vapor pressure, kpa; RH min ——Minimum daily relative humidity, %; T max ——Maximum daily temperature, ℃; e a (T max )——T max Hourly saturated vapor pressure, kpa; e d (T max )——T max When the actual water vapor pressure, kpa.
[0042] ET c =K c ET 0
[0043] Where K c ——Crop factor; ET 0 ——Reference crop evapotranspiration; ET c -Water requirement of crops.
[0044] At the same time, the present invention also discloses an intelligent irrigation control system, which is characterized by comprising a cloud server, a weather station connected to the cloud server, a centralized control station connected to the cloud server, a sprinkler irrigation machine electrically connected to the centralized control station, and A pumping station located outside the irrigation area. The centralized control station transmits instructions to the pumping station via LoRa. The pumping station provides water for the sprinkler through a pipeline. The pipeline is equipped with a hydraulic control valve connected to the pumping station. The cloud server sends opening and closing instructions to the centralized control station, and the centralized control station sends signals to the pumping station outside the irrigation area. The pumping station receives the instruction to open the corresponding hydraulic control valve to supply water to the central pivot sprinkler irrigation machine. The pumping station is set outside the irrigation area. To increase the land use area of the irrigation area, the pump station controls multiple hydraulic control valves, which can supply water to multiple irrigation areas at the same time, avoiding the need to build well pumps in each irrigation area, reducing labor intensity and reducing costs.
[0045] According to the above embodiment, preferably, the cloud server and the weather station are connected via 4G.
[0046] According to the above embodiment, preferably, the cloud server and the centralized control station are connected via 4G.
[0047] The invention collects the environmental parameters in the irrigation area in real time through the weather station, and calculates the crop water requirement through the Penman-Montis formula, thereby realizing precise irrigation with adaptive capabilities for climate and terrain, and scientifically and effectively collecting agricultural conditions Combined with intelligent irrigation, different irrigation schemes are formulated according to the different irrigation needs of crops and different geographical environments, which improves irrigation accuracy and resource utilization, reduces labor costs, and can save more than 15% of water compared with traditional irrigation methods.
[0048] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications are also It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
