A fire extinguishing system and method in a prefabricated cabin of an electrochemical energy storage station based on gas fire extinguishing and mechanical ventilation and heat dissipation

Abstract

The invention discloses a fire extinguishment system and a fire extinguishment method in a fabrication bin of an electrochemical energy storage station based on gas extinguishment and mechanical ventilation and heat dissipation. The system comprises automatic gas extinguishment systems, a pressure relief system and a mechanical ventilation and heat dissipation system. The automatic gas extinguishment systems are correspondingly positioned at the two sides of two rows of battery cabinets in order to realize precise automatic fire extinguishment when thermal runaway occurs in a lithium ion battery; the pressure relief system is positioned above the short side of the prefabrication bin and can be automatically started for relieving the pressure when the pressure inside the prefabrication binis too high; the mechanical ventilation and heat dissipation system consists of an air charging fan, an exhausting fan and a water mist sprayer which are positioned at the two short sides of the prefabrication bins and are in diagonal distribution; and the mechanical ventilation and heat dissipation system is controlled by virtue of a smoke sensor and a pressure sensor so as to realize smoke discharging and temperature reduction functions. The fire extinguishment system and the fire extinguishment method disclosed by the invention can be used for quickly extinguishing a fire of a battery and discharging high-temperature smoke in time, thereby reducing the temperature of the battery and guaranteeing high-efficiency safe running of an energy storage system in the prefabrication bin.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of safety and relates to a fire-fighting system, in particular to a fire-extinguishing system and method in a prefabricated cabin of an electrochemical energy storage station based on gas fire-extinguishing and mechanical ventilation and heat dissipation. Background technique [0002] In recent years, lithium-ion batteries have been widely used in electrochemical energy storage systems due to their advantages such as high energy density, long cycle life, fast response time, and small self-discharge. On the other hand, as the demand for battery energy storage continues to increase, electrochemical energy storage systems have begun to develop in the direction of easy construction, mobility, and low cost. Therefore, the prefabricated cabin of electrochemical energy storage stations has entered people's sight. The prefabricated cabin mainly consists of a prefabricated cabin, a secondary equipment screen cabinet ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, the fire-fighting system loaded in the prefabricated cabin of the existing energy storage station is only a single gas fire-extinguishing system

The existing fire-fighting technology for lithium-ion battery fires in the prefabricated cabin of the energy storage station has great deficiencies and defects: (1) Due to the tight arrangement of the batteries in the prefabricated cabin, the fire-extinguishing agent in the traditional fire-fighting technology cannot penetrate into the battery module , so that accurate point-to-point fire extinguishing cannot be achieved, so the fire extinguishing efficiency is low

(2) In the existing fire-fighting technology, after the fire-extinguishing agent is extinguished, the internal reaction of the battery continues, producing a large amount of high-temperature smoke, which makes the pressure of the relatively airtight container gradually increase, and the harm also increases accordingly

(3) In the existing fire protection technology, the pressure relief hole in the prefabricated cabin is a single hinge type. When the pressure is relieved, the flame inside the container may be sprayed out from the pressure relief hole, thus endangering the adjacent container.

(4) Although the gaseous fire extinguishing agent in the existing fire-fighting technology can extinguish the open fire, the temperature of the battery after the fire is extinguished is still very high, and the cooling effect is poor

(5) Most of the existing prefabricated cabin ventilation systems are controlled by the air conditioning system, and the ventilation capacity is small. When a battery fire occurs and the smoke inside the container is large, the smoke cannot be effectively discharged only through the ventilation system

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