Substrate and method for cultivating pumpkins in solar greenhouse in saline-alkali soil

Abstract

The invention provides a substrate and method for cultivating pumpkins in a solar greenhouse in saline-alkali soil, and belongs to the technical field of vegetable cultivation in saline-alkali soil. The substrate disclosed by the invention comprises a filling substrate and a cultivation substrate, and the substrate has strong water and fertilizer holding capacity, good air permeability, good heatstorage property and strong heat exchange capacity with soil. The method provided by the invention comprises the following main steps: arranging a cultivation tank in the solar greenhouse, and sequentially laying an isolation film, the filling substrate, an insect-proof net and a cultivation substrate in the cultivation tank; applying an EM bacterial agent and an amino acid liquid fertilizer to the substrate of the cultivation tank; planting pumpkins, and applying an attractant after planting; and after early spring cultivated pumpkin seedlings are pulled, applying allyl isothiocyanate, and closing the greenhouse. The method provided by the invention can slow down the salinization of the substrate, control the occurrence of soil-borne diseases, reduce the use of chemical pesticides and improve the yield of the pumpkins.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of vegetable cultivation in saline-alkali soil, in particular to a substrate and a cultivation method for cultivating pumpkins in a solar greenhouse in saline-alkali soil. Background technique [0002] Saline-alkali land is a type of soil where salt accumulates, which means that the salt contained in the soil affects the normal growth of crops. Due to the influence of limiting factors such as soil conditions, when saline-alkali land is used for planting vegetables, it often shows that the growth of the root system is inhibited, the root tip turns brown, and in severe cases, the entire root system turns black and rots; It causes the stems and leaves of the plant to die, the leaves to shrink, and the growth to stagnate, which affects the growth and yield of the plant. At present, the utilization rate of saline-alkali soil in my country's protected vegetables is small, and the saline-alkali soil conditions in ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] (1) Substrate disinfection is cumbersome and troublesome. The cultivation substrate must be dug out from the cultivation tank from June to July every year, and then refilled into the cultivation tank after disinfection, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive

[0005] (2) The amount of water and fertilizer used is large, the absorption and utilization rate is not high, and salt accumulation is easy to occur, and the substrate is easy to be salted again. After continuous planting for 3 to 4 years, a new cultivation substrate needs to be replaced

[0006] (3) Sand culture medium has poor air permeability, coupled with poor buffering capacity, water holding capacity and fertilizer retention capacity, poor root development, weak plant growth, and yield far lower than that of soil cultivation under the same management level

[0007] (4) There is almost no organic matter in the sand culture medium, and there are very few microorganisms. Once infected with soil-borne pathogens, it is very easy to cause the outbreak of soil-borne diseases

[0008] In order to increase the air permeability of the substrate and prevent the accumulation of water in the substrate, the existing technology usually discharges a layer of discarded plastic seedling trays or seepage tanks or stones under the substrate. This technology increases the air permeability of the substrate to a certain extent and reduces the accumulation of water in the substrate. , but at the same time, it also blocks the heat exchange between the substrate and the soil, affects the stability of the crop rhizosphere temperature, and will have an adverse effect on crop growth

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