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Method for separating microplastics in environmental soil or sediment based on combination of flotation and centrifugation

A technology for microplastics and sediments, applied in chemical instruments and methods, centrifuges, wet separation, etc., can solve the problems of cumbersome and time-consuming extraction of microplastics, poor reliability, low efficiency, etc., to improve the enrichment and concentration capacity, The effect of low cost and little environmental pollution

Inactive Publication Date: 2020-01-21
HENAN UNIVERSITY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for separating microplastics in environmental soil or sediment based on the combination of flotation and centrifugation, so as to overcome the cumbersome and time-consuming extraction of microplastics in soil, low efficiency, low recovery rate, The defects of low precision and poor reliability provide a basic method for in-depth research on microplastic pollution in environmental soil and sediments

Method used

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  • Method for separating microplastics in environmental soil or sediment based on combination of flotation and centrifugation
  • Method for separating microplastics in environmental soil or sediment based on combination of flotation and centrifugation
  • Method for separating microplastics in environmental soil or sediment based on combination of flotation and centrifugation

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Embodiment 1

[0037] The present invention provides a method for separating microplastics in environmental soil or sediment based on the combination of flotation and centrifugation, comprising the following steps:

[0038] Step A Sampling: Naturally dry the soil or sediment samples collected in the field to constant weight; then slightly crush them with a mortar, crush the large particles, and filter them with 1mm and 5mm pore diameter stainless steel screens respectively. Microplastic particles of 1mm to 5mm and above 5mm are sorted out and stored, and the soil passed through a 1mm sieve is put into a 250ml Erlenmeyer flask for subsequent operations.

[0039] Digestion before step B: add digestion solution in the 250ml Erlenmeyer flask, the digestion solution is 30% H 2 o 2 solution, the mass ratio of the digestion solution to the sample is 10:2 to 3, stirred with a glass rod until there is no hard lump of soil, left to stand at room temperature for digestion for 3 to 12 hours, and the di...

Embodiment 2

[0051] Soil samples collected from a farmland in Kaifeng City, Henan Province were selected to dry naturally; filtered through a stainless steel screen with a pore size of 1mm, 100g of the treated soil sample was mixed with 30 PE microplastic particles with a particle size of 0.2-1mm, and artificially The agitation method makes PE fully coated into the soil particles.

[0052] Add the treated soil sample into a 250ml Erlenmeyer flask, add the digestion solution, stir with a glass rod until there are no hard lumps of soil, and let it stand at room temperature for 12 hours for digestion.

[0053] Add the flotation solution to the sample that has been digested, stop adding the flotation solution when the flotation solution reaches two-thirds of the 250ml Erlenmeyer flask, and place the sample solution on the stirrer to stir for 10min and let it stand 5min.

[0054] When the sample solution can be clearly stratified, put the 250ml Erlenmeyer flask into a 1L beaker, and continue t...

Embodiment 3

[0064] This embodiment is for the selection of the optimum digestion temperature for the sample soil. The basic steps are the same as in Example 2, except that three temperature control groups are set during the digestion step, which are respectively normal temperature, 40°C and 60°C, and are set at three temperatures respectively. Add the same volume of digestion solution to a beaker containing 25g soil samples at different temperatures, and compare the digestion effects of organic matter at different temperatures. The effect of the filter membrane after three flotation suction filtrations is shown image 3 shown, from image 3 It can be seen that after repeating the flotation and suction filtration three times, under the conditions of normal temperature and 60°C digestion temperature, the content of organic matter on the filter membrane is less, and the recovery rates under the three temperatures are all 100%.

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and particularly relates to a method for separating microplastics in environmental soil or sediment based on a combination of flotation and centrifugation. The method includes the following steps that sampling is conducted, specifically, soil or a sediment sample is dried and divided into specifications of less than 1 mm, 1-5 mm, and greater than 5 mm; pre-digestion is conducted, specifically, a digestion solution is added, and still standing for digestion is conducted after stirring is conducted; the flotation is conducted, specifically, a flotation solution is added, and still standing is conducted after stirring is conducted; overflowing is conducted, specifically, and the flotation solution is continually accessed to make upper layer liquid overflow; centrifugation is conducted, specifically, and the overflow liquid is centrifuged at 4000r / min; suction filtration is conducted, specifically, supernatant is subjected to the suction filtration; re-digestion is conducted, specifically, a filter membrane is taken out, the digestion solution is added for continual digestion, and then drying is conducted; and finally, microscopic analysis is performed, and abundance is calculated. According to the method for separating the microplastics in the environmental soil or the sediment based on the combination of the flotation and the centrifugation, the enrichment and concentration abilities are improved, and the disadvantages of tedious operation, unclean separation, and low recovery rate of a traditional microplastic separation and flotation method are overcome.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of solid waste treatment, and in particular relates to a method for separating microplastics in environmental soil or sediment based on the combination of flotation and centrifugation. Background technique [0002] The advent of plastic has changed our way of life. Because this material can be used in a large temperature range, has low thermal conductivity, high strength-to-weight ratio, biological inertness, durability and other advantages, it has been widely used all over the world, from From household products to personal hygiene products, from clothing, packaging to building materials, plastic products appear in all aspects of human life. It is precisely because of their widespread use that since they were put into mass production in the 1950s, the world's plastic production has shown The trend of exponential growth has risen from 5 million tons in the 1950s to 322 million tons in 2016. [0003] While ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G01N1/28G01N1/34G01N1/44G01N21/84B03B7/00B04B5/04
CPCB03B7/00B04B5/0414G01N1/28G01N1/34G01N1/44G01N21/84
Inventor 张成丽张伟平钱静雷雨辰郭志永周艳梅马建华
Owner HENAN UNIVERSITY
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