Method for selectively extracting lithium from waste lithium-ion battery materials

A lithium-ion battery and lithium extraction technology, applied in secondary batteries, battery recycling, circuits, etc., can solve problems affecting the purity of lithium salt products, low lithium ion concentration, high-salt wastewater environment, etc., to avoid disposal and environmental problems , increase the concentration of lithium, and simplify the recovery process

Active Publication Date: 2022-03-29
BEIJING MINING & METALLURGICAL TECH GRP CO LTD
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Problems solved by technology

[0009] Regardless of direct reduction acid leaching or acid leaching after pretreatment, the lithium in the positive electrode material and the iron, cobalt, manganese, nickel, aluminum and other metals in the positive electrode material are leached at the same time. Purification processes such as nickel, cobalt, copper and manganese, and then carbonate precipitation to recover lithium, resulting in a long lithium recovery process and low recovery rate; and because almost all metals in the positive electrode material are dissolved, resulting in low lithium ion concentration in the leaching solution. A large amount of evaporation and concentration is required to meet the needs of carbonate precipitation lithium; in addition, due to the use of extraction to remove nickel, cobalt and copper, the concentration of sodium ions in the purified lithium solution is high, affecting the purity of lithium salt products, and there is a high-salt wastewater environment question

Method used

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  • Method for selectively extracting lithium from waste lithium-ion battery materials

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Embodiment 1

[0035] Oxidize and roast the lithium iron phosphate positive electrode material obtained from dismantling, crushing and screening waste lithium-ion batteries at 500-1000°C to obtain calcined sand; add calcined sand to the dissolution mill to adjust the slurry with water, and add an appropriate amount of chloride Calcium is transformed, the amount of calcium chloride added is 0.5 to 1 times the molar number of lithium in the calcine, the amount of water added is 1 to 4 times the mass of the calcine, and the transformation temperature is 20 to 100°C. The slurry is subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain a lithium-containing solution.

Embodiment 2

[0037] The lithium iron phosphate positive electrode material obtained from dismantling, crushing and screening of waste lithium-ion batteries is oxidized and roasted at 850°C to obtain calcined sand; the calcined sand is added to the dissolution mill, and water and an appropriate amount of calcium chloride are added for transformation. The amount of calcium chloride is added according to 0.6 times the molar number of lithium in the calcine, the amount of water added is added according to 2 times the mass of the calcine, the transformation temperature is 25°C, and the transformed slurry is subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain lithium-containing solution.

Embodiment 3

[0039] The lithium iron phosphate cathode material obtained from the dismantling, crushing and screening of waste lithium-ion batteries is oxidized and roasted at 800°C to obtain calcined sand; the calcined sand is added to the dissolution mill, and an appropriate amount of water and lime are added for transformation. The amount of addition is 0.6 times the number of moles of lithium in the calcine, the amount of water added is 2 times the mass of the calcine, the transformation temperature is 25°C, and the transformed slurry is subjected to solid-liquid separation to obtain lithium-containing solution and transformation slag . Add an appropriate amount of lithium phosphate to the obtained lithium-containing solution, stir and react for a period of time, then filter to obtain the lithium solution and purification residue, and return the purification residue to oxidation roasting, or return the purification residue to mix with calcine for salt leaching.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for selectively extracting lithium from waste lithium ion battery materials, and belongs to the technical field of comprehensive recovery of lithium ion battery materials. The present invention oxidizes and roasts positive electrode material powders such as lithium iron phosphate obtained by dismantling and crushing waste lithium-ion batteries, mixes the obtained calcined sand with water, and adds an appropriate amount of calcium chloride or lime milk solution for reaction transformation. Lithium is selectively extracted into solution, thereby achieving separation from manganese, iron, aluminum, phosphorus, etc. The method can realize the preferential and selective extraction of lithium, the obtained lithium solution has high purity and lithium concentration, no extraction and impurity removal, evaporation and concentration processes are required, the lithium recovery and product preparation process is simple, the recovery rate is high, the energy consumption is low, and there is no Environmental problems of high concentration sodium salt wastewater.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium-ion battery material recovery, and relates to a method for recovering lithium from waste lithium-ion battery materials, in particular to a method for extracting lithium by transforming waste lithium-ion battery materials with salt substances after oxidation and roasting. Background technique [0002] Lithium is the core raw material of lithium-ion batteries. With the rapid growth of the output of new energy materials represented by lithium-ion batteries, the global demand for lithium is also growing rapidly. Lithium ore resources can be divided into two types: ore lithium and brine lithium. It mainly occurs in salt lake brine and granite pegmatite deposits, among which salt lake brine lithium accounts for 66% of the world's lithium reserves and more than 80% of the reserve base, and has become the main source of lithium in the world. Since the extraction of lithium from salt lakes is a by-product...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/54
CPCC22B7/001C22B7/006C22B1/02C22B26/12H01M10/54H01M10/0525Y02W30/84Y02P10/20Y02E60/10
Inventor 蒋训雄蒋浩辰张登高
Owner BEIJING MINING & METALLURGICAL TECH GRP CO LTD
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