Shunt device and method for treating glaucoma

Abstract

The present invention provides a shunt for the flow of aqueous humor from the anterior chamber of the eye to Schlemm's canal. The device comprises at least one lumen and optionally has at least one anchor extending from the proximal portion within the anterior chamber to assist in placement and anchoring of the device in the correct anatomic position.

Description

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS [0001] This application claims the priority filing benefit of U.S. Serial No. 60 / 312,799 filed Aug. 16, 2001.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0002] 1. Field the Invention [0003] The present invention is generally directed to a surgical treatment for glaucoma, and relates more particularly to a device and method for continuously decompressing elevated intraocular pressure in eyes affected by glaucoma by diverting aqueous humor from the anterior chamber of the eye into Schlemm's canal where postoperative patency can be maintained with an indwelling shu placed to connect the canal with the anterior chamber. [0004] 2. Background Art [0005] Glaucoma is a significant public health problem, because glaucoma is a major cause of blindness. The blindness that results from glaucoma involves both central and peripheral vision and has a major impact on an individual's ability to lead and independent life. [0006] Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy (a disorder of t...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

"The present invention is about a new shunt and a surgical method for treating glaucoma. The shunt helps to drain excess fluid from the eye's chamber into a specific area called Schlemm's canal, which helps to manage the condition. Unlike other shunts, this invention is permanent and stays in the eye for a long time, which improves the flow of fluid."

Problems solved by technology

Glaucoma is a significant public health problem, because glaucoma is a major cause of blindness.

If the pressure remains high enough for a long enough period of time, total vision loss occurs.

High pressure develops in an eye because of an internal fluid imbalance.

In glaucoma, the resistance through the canalicular outflow system is abnormally high.

It is believed that an abnormal metabolism of the trabecular cells leads to an excessive build up of extracellular materials or a build up of abnormally “stiff” materials in this area.

With the increased resistance, the aqueous fluid builds up because it cannot exit fast enough.

The increased IOP compresses the axons in the optic nerve and also may compromise the vascular supply to the optic nerve.

Compliance with medication is a major problem, with estimates that over half of glaucoma patients do not follow their correct dosing schedules.

However, the effect often is not long lasting and fifty percent of patients develop an elevated pressure within five years.

In addition, laser trabeculoplasty is not an effective treatment for primary open angle glaucoma in patients less than fifty years of age, nor is it effective for angle closure glaucoma and many secondary glaucomas.

Trabeculectomy is associated with many problems.

Failure from scarring may occur, particularly in children and young adults.

The use of these agents has increased the success rate of trabeculectomy but also has increased the prevalence of hypotony.

Hypotony is a problem that develops when aqueous flows out of the eye too fast.

Endophthalmitis often leads to permanent and profound visual loss.

The bleb can tear and lead to profound hypotony.

The bleb can be irritating and can disrupt the normal tear film, leading to blurred vision.

Many complications are associated with aqueous shunt devices.

Some devices contain a pressure-sensitive valve within the tube, although these valves may not function properly.

These patents do not teach placement in Schlemm's canal.

Therefore, this device is not adapted for shunting aqueous between the anterior chamber and Schlemm's canal.

Most of the problems that have developed with current glaucoma treatment devices and procedures have occurred because aqueous fluid is drained from inside of the eye to the surface of the eye.

In the vast majority of glaucoma patients, the resistance problem lies between Schlemm's canal and the anterior chamber.

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