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Electrolyte compositions for batteries using sulphur or sulphur compounds

a technology of electrolyte composition and sulphur compound, which is applied in the direction of electrochemical generators, non-aqueous electrolyte accumulator electrodes, non-aqueous electrolyte accumulator electrodes, etc., to achieve the effect of increasing the cycle life of the battery, increasing the cycling efficiency and temperature stability

Inactive Publication Date: 2006-08-10
OXIS ENERGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0022] Embodiments of the present invention may provide an improved non-aqueous electrolyte composition which is suitable for use in rechargeable cells comprising sulphur-based positive electrode active material and which has greater temperature stability and conductivity and provides a higher cycling efficiency and long cycle life of the battery.
[0023] Embodiments of the present invention relate to electrolytes for lithium-sulphur batteries, such as electrolytes comprising solutions of lithium salts with large anions in aprotic polar solvents with predetermined concentrations of supporting salts. In particular, embodiments of the present invention may provide the use of lithium salts or mixtures of lithium salts in an electrolyte at a concentration substantially equal to or at least close to a concentration of saturated solution of the lithium salt (or salts) in the solvent (or mixture of solvents). The use of such electrolytes in lithium-sulphur batteries provides improved efficiency and cycling duration.

Problems solved by technology

As a rule, prior art patent disclosures of which the present applicant is aware do not provide recommendations for specific preferable salt concentrations, but instead give a very wide range of possible concentrations.

Method used

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  • Electrolyte compositions for batteries using sulphur or sulphur compounds
  • Electrolyte compositions for batteries using sulphur or sulphur compounds
  • Electrolyte compositions for batteries using sulphur or sulphur compounds

Examples

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example 1

[0060] A lithium-sulphur cell was produced by assembling an anode made of metal lithium foil; a porous separator Celgard 2500 (a registered trademark of Celgard Inc., available from Celgard K.K., Tokyo, Japan, and also available from Celgard Inc. South Lakes, N.C. USA.); and a sulphur cathode comprising elemental sulphur as a depolariser (70% by weight), a carbon electro-conducting additive (10% by weight) Ketjenblack EC-600JD (available from Akzo Nobel Polymer Chemicals BV, Netherlands), and a binder (polyethyleneoxide with molecular mass 4000000-20% by weight). The sulphur cathode was deposited by an automatic film applicator Elcometer SPRL onto one side of an 18 micrometer thick conductive carbon coated aluminium foil (available from InteliCoat®, South Hadley, Mass.) as a current collector and substrate. A specific surface capacity of the cathode was 1 mAh / cm2. The assembled cell was filled with an electrolyte comprising a 0.1M solution of LiClO4 in sulpholane. All stages of the ...

example 2

[0063] A lithium-sulphur cell was produced as described in the Example 1, but this time the assembled cell was filled with an electrolyte comprising a 1 M solution of LiClO4 in sulpholane. The cell was cycled at a charge and discharge rate of 0.25 C and at a temperature of 25° C. The change in the charge and discharge capacity of the cell during the cycling is shown in Figure, showing the capacity fade of the sulphur electrode in lithium-sulphur cell during cycling. In FIG. 3, the electrolyte is a 1 M solution of LiClO4 in sulpholane, the charge rate is 0.25 C, and the discharge rate is 0.25 C.

[0064] The change in the cycling efficiency and the rate of the capacity fade during cycling are shown in FIG. 4. In FIG. 4 the electrolyte is 1 M solution of LiClO4 in sulpholane.

[0065] As can be seen in FIG. 4, the efficiency of cycling and the rate of capacity fade initially change after the beginning of cycling, but later on they stabilize. The mean cycling efficiency between the 10th an...

example 3

[0066] A lithium-sulphur cell was produced as described in the Example 1, but this time the assembled cell was filled with an electrolyte comprising a 2M saturated solution of LiClO4 in sulpholane in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The cell was cycled at a charge and discharge rate of 0.25 C and at a temperature of 25° C. The change in the charge and discharge capacity of the cell during the cycling is shown in FIG. 5, showing the capacity fade of a sulphur electrode in a lithium-sulphur cell during cycling. In FIG. 5, the electrolyte is a 2 M solution of LiClO4 in sulpholane, the charge rate is 0.25 C, and the discharge rate is 0.25 C.

[0067] The change in the cycling efficiency and the rate of the capacity fade during cycling are shown in FIG. 6. In FIG. 6, the electrolyte is 2 M solution of LiClO4 in sulpholane. As can be seen in FIG. 6, the efficiency of cycling and the rate of capacity fade initially change after the beginning of cycling, but later on th...

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Abstract

There are disclosed electrolytes comprising solutions of lithium salts with large anions in polar aprotic solvents with a particular concentration of background salts. The concentration of the background salts is selected to be equal or close to the concentration of a saturated solution of these salts in the aprotic solvents used. The electrolytes disclosed can be used in chemical sources of electric energy such as secondary (rechargeable) cells and batteries comprising sulphur-based positive active materials. The use of such electrolytes increases cycling efficiency and cycle life of the cells and batteries.

Description

PRIOR APPLICATION DATA [0001] This application claims benefit from prior U.S. provisional application Ser. No. 60 / 652,769, filed Feb. 15, 2005, entitled “ELECTROLYTE COMPOSITIONS FOR BATTERIES USING SULPHUR OR SULPHUR COMPOUNDS”, and claims benefit from prior UK patent application number 0501001.2 filed on 18th Jan. 2005, both of which being incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] The present invention relates to electrolyte compositions for chemical sources of electric energy comprising positive electrodes (cathodes) and negative electrodes (anodes). In particular, embodiments of the invention relate to rechargeable (secondary) battery cells comprising a negative electrode (made of lithium, sodium or another active material or composition) providing ions (anode), an intermediate separator element containing a liquid or gel electrolyte solution through which ions from a source electrode material move between cell electrodes during charge and ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/40H01M4/58H01M4/40H01M4/13H01M4/136H01M10/056H01M10/0568H01M10/0569H01M10/36
CPCH01M4/13H01M4/136H01M4/40H01M4/58H01M10/056Y02E60/122H01M10/0569H01M10/3918H01M2010/4292H01M2300/0025H01M10/0568H01M10/0565Y02E60/10H01M10/05
Inventor KOLOSNITSYN, VLADIMIRKARASEVA, ELENA
Owner OXIS ENERGY
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