Fluid catalytic cracking process

a catalytic cracking and flue gas technology, applied in catalytic cracking, hydrocarbon oil treatment, liquid carbonaceous fuels, etc., can solve the problems of difficult cracking of paraffin rich hydrocarbon feedstocks such as fischer-tropsch products, and low yield to gasoline, so as to achieve high octane and improve ron octane. the effect of octan

Inactive Publication Date: 2009-01-29
SHELL OIL CO
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0012]It has been found that by cracking a mixture of a paraffinic feedstock and triglycerides, more coke is formed on the cracking catalyst. An additional advantage of cracking the mixture is that a gasoline is obtained having a higher octane number. Applicant further found that by choosing the right balance between the paraffinic feedstock on the one hand and the triglycerides on the other hand, a gasoline product may be obtained having a sulphur content of less than 10 ppm, an aromatic content of lower than 35 vol %, preferably lower than 25 vol %, and an octane number of higher than 87. The triglycerides present in the hydrocarbon feedstock are cracked and the products formed result in improved RON octane numbers of the total product.

Problems solved by technology

Furthermore, coke and non-volatile products deposit on the catalyst resulting in a spent catalyst.
However, cracking such a paraffin rich hydrocarbon feedstock, such as for example a Fischer-Tropsch product, is not straightforward.
A disadvantage of the process disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,684,756 is that the yield to gasoline is relatively low.
A disadvantage of processing such a paraffinic feed in an FCC unit is that the coke make is too low.
If the coke content of the catalyst is too low additional fuel is to be added to the regenerator and this situation is obviously not desired.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

[0040]Catalytic cracking experiments were carried out in a micro-riser reactor that operates in an isothermal plug-flow regime. The micro-riser reactor is a once-through bench-scale fluid catalytic cracking reactor that simulates the hydrodynamics of an industrial FCC reactor. The reactor temperature was set to 525° C. The length of the reactor was in these experiments 21.2 meters. The catalyst used was a commercial silica sol based FCC equilibrium catalyst (e-cat), containing 11 wt % USY zeolite crystals. Before each experiment, the catalyst was regenerated in a fluidised bed reactor, where coke was combusted in air at 600° C. for three hours. The catalyst was fed to the reactor by means of a catalyst feeder. Nitrogen was used to facilitate the catalyst flow. The oil feed was fed through a pulse-free syringe pump to the pre-heated oven where it was partially evaporated. In the last part before the injection point the oil was completely evaporated and adopted the reaction temperatur...

example 2

[0043]In a small-scale fluidised bed reactor the catalytic cracking blends of hydrowax, with rapeseed oil and palm oil (at 5, 10, 25 wt %) using a equilibrium catalysts, e-cat2, was performed. The experiments were done in a reactor in which 10 grams of the commercial e-catalyst was constantly fluidised with nitrogen. Dependent on the cat / oil ratio an amount of 1.25 to 3.33 grams of oil was injected in the reactor. During stripping the liquid products were collected in glass vessels (receivers) in a bath at a temperature of −15° C. The gas produced was analysed online with a gas chromatograph. After stripping for 660 seconds, the amount of coke formed on the catalyst was determined by burning the coke from the catalyst in a regeneration step. During 40 minutes the temperature of the reactor was at 650° C. in an air environment. The coke was converted to CO2 and measured online. After regeneration the reactor was cooled to the reaction temperature and a new injection was started. The ...

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Abstract

A fluid catalytic cracking process for the preparation of cracked products by contacting in a reactor a hydrocarbon feedstock with a cracking catalyst, wherein the hydrocarbon feedstock comprises a paraffinic feedstock and triglycerides.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]The present invention relates to a fluid catalytic cracking process.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]In fluid catalytic cracking processes a preheated hydrocarbon feedstock of a high boiling point range is brought into contact with a hot cracking catalyst in a catalytic cracking reactor, usually a riser. The feed is cracked into lower boiling products, such as dry gas, LPG, gasoline, and cycle oils. Furthermore, coke and non-volatile products deposit on the catalyst resulting in a spent catalyst. The reactor exits into a separator wherein the spent catalyst is separated from the reaction products. In the next step the spent catalyst is stripped with steam to remove the non-volatile hydrocarbon products from the catalyst. The stripped catalyst is passed to a regenerator in which coke and remaining hydrocarbon materials are combusted and wherein the catalyst is heated to a temperature required for the cracking reactions. Hereafter the hot regenerated cataly...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(United States)
IPC IPC(8): C10G11/05
CPCC10G11/18C10G3/49C10L1/023C10G2300/1014C10G2300/1022C10G3/57Y02P30/20
Inventor DIERICKX, JAN LODEWIJK MARIAHADJIGEORGE, GEORGE A.SCHAVERIEN, COLIN JOHN
Owner SHELL OIL CO
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