Fluid catalytic cracking process

Abstract

A fluid catalytic cracking process for the preparation of cracked products by contacting in a reactor a hydrocarbon feedstock with a cracking catalyst, wherein the hydrocarbon feedstock comprises a paraffinic feedstock and triglycerides.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to a fluid catalytic cracking process.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] In fluid catalytic cracking processes a preheated hydrocarbon feedstock of a high boiling point range is brought into contact with a hot cracking catalyst in a catalytic cracking reactor, usually a riser. The feed is cracked into lower boiling products, such as dry gas, LPG, gasoline, and cycle oils. Furthermore, coke and non-volatile products deposit on the catalyst resulting in a spent catalyst. The reactor exits into a separator wherein the spent catalyst is separated from the reaction products. In the next step the spent catalyst is stripped with steam to remove the non-volatile hydrocarbon products from the catalyst. The stripped catalyst is passed to a regenerator in which coke and remaining hydrocarbon materials are combusted and wherein the catalyst is heated to a temperature required for the cracking reactions. Hereafter the hot regenerated cataly...

Examples

example 1

[0040]Catalytic cracking experiments were carried out in a micro-riser reactor that operates in an isothermal plug-flow regime. The micro-riser reactor is a once-through bench-scale fluid catalytic cracking reactor that simulates the hydrodynamics of an industrial FCC reactor. The reactor temperature was set to 525° C. The length of the reactor was in these experiments 21.2 meters. The catalyst used was a commercial silica sol based FCC equilibrium catalyst (e-cat), containing 11 wt % USY zeolite crystals. Before each experiment, the catalyst was regenerated in a fluidised bed reactor, where coke was combusted in air at 600° C. for three hours. The catalyst was fed to the reactor by means of a catalyst feeder. Nitrogen was used to facilitate the catalyst flow. The oil feed was fed through a pulse-free syringe pump to the pre-heated oven where it was partially evaporated. In the last part before the injection point the oil was completely evaporated and adopted the reaction temperatur...

example 2

[0043]In a small-scale fluidised bed reactor the catalytic cracking blends of hydrowax, with rapeseed oil and palm oil (at 5, 10, 25 wt %) using a equilibrium catalysts, e-cat2, was performed. The experiments were done in a reactor in which 10 grams of the commercial e-catalyst was constantly fluidised with nitrogen. Dependent on the cat / oil ratio an amount of 1.25 to 3.33 grams of oil was injected in the reactor. During stripping the liquid products were collected in glass vessels (receivers) in a bath at a temperature of −15° C. The gas produced was analysed online with a gas chromatograph. After stripping for 660 seconds, the amount of coke formed on the catalyst was determined by burning the coke from the catalyst in a regeneration step. During 40 minutes the temperature of the reactor was at 650° C. in an air environment. The coke was converted to CO2 and measured online. After regeneration the reactor was cooled to the reaction temperature and a new injection was started. The ...

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to a fluid catalytic cracking process.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] In fluid catalytic cracking processes a preheated hydrocarbon feedstock of a high boiling point range is brought into contact with a hot cracking catalyst in a catalytic cracking reactor, usually a riser. The feed is cracked into lower boiling products, such as dry gas, LPG, gasoline, and cycle oils. Furthermore, coke and non-volatile products deposit on the catalyst resulting in a spent catalyst. The reactor exits into a separator wherein the spent catalyst is separated from the reaction products. In the next step the spent catalyst is stripped with steam to remove the non-volatile hydrocarbon products from the catalyst. The stripped catalyst is passed to a regenerator in which coke and remaining hydrocarbon materials are combusted and wherein the catalyst is heated to a temperature required for the cracking reactions. Hereafter the hot regenerated cataly...

Examples

example 1

[0040]Catalytic cracking experiments were carried out in a micro-riser reactor that operates in an isothermal plug-flow regime. The micro-riser reactor is a once-through bench-scale fluid catalytic cracking reactor that simulates the hydrodynamics of an industrial FCC reactor. The reactor temperature was set to 525° C. The length of the reactor was in these experiments 21.2 meters. The catalyst used was a commercial silica sol based FCC equilibrium catalyst (e-cat), containing 11 wt % USY zeolite crystals. Before each experiment, the catalyst was regenerated in a fluidised bed reactor, where coke was combusted in air at 600° C. for three hours. The catalyst was fed to the reactor by means of a catalyst feeder. Nitrogen was used to facilitate the catalyst flow. The oil feed was fed through a pulse-free syringe pump to the pre-heated oven where it was partially evaporated. In the last part before the injection point the oil was completely evaporated and adopted the reaction temperatur...

example 2

[0043]In a small-scale fluidised bed reactor the catalytic cracking blends of hydrowax, with rapeseed oil and palm oil (at 5, 10, 25 wt %) using a equilibrium catalysts, e-cat2, was performed. The experiments were done in a reactor in which 10 grams of the commercial e-catalyst was constantly fluidised with nitrogen. Dependent on the cat / oil ratio an amount of 1.25 to 3.33 grams of oil was injected in the reactor. During stripping the liquid products were collected in glass vessels (receivers) in a bath at a temperature of −15° C. The gas produced was analysed online with a gas chromatograph. After stripping for 660 seconds, the amount of coke formed on the catalyst was determined by burning the coke from the catalyst in a regeneration step. During 40 minutes the temperature of the reactor was at 650° C. in an air environment. The coke was converted to CO2 and measured online. After regeneration the reactor was cooled to the reaction temperature and a new injection was started. The ...