Methods of enhancing lysosomal storage disease therapy by modulation of cell surface receptor density

Abstract

Methods of modulating uptake of extracellular lysosomal enzymes by administering a pharmaceutical agent and methods of treating a lysosomal storage disease (such as Gaucher disease, Pompe disease, Fabry disease or Niemann-Pick disease) or enhancing enzyme replacement therapy or gene therapy, comprising administering a pharmaceutical agent such as dexamethasone, glucose or insulin, are provided.

Description

RELATED APPLICATIONS[0001]This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 10 / 408,670, filed Apr. 4, 2003, which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60 / 370,747, filed Apr. 5, 2002. The entire teachings of the above applications are incorporated herein by reference.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0002]Lysosomal storage diseases are a group of rare genetic disorders comprising more than forty individual diseases. Currently, a promising treatment for these diseases is enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Gene therapy, which employs a depot expression strategy where high-level expression of lysosomal enzymes in one organ can be secreted into the blood stream and carried to other organs for uptake, is another promising option. One of the major issues with ERT treatment for lysosomal storage diseases is that the infused lysosomal enzymes are rapidly removed from the blood stream by the liver, either through carbohydrate-binding receptors or non-specifically. For...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0003]It has now been found that the uptake of extracellular lysosomal enzymes by cells can be increased by up-regulating the cell surface expression and density of carbohydrate binding receptors. For example, up-regulation of the mannose receptor on macrophage cells by a glucocorticosteroid such as dexamethasone, for example, increases the target organ uptake of glucocerebrosidase for the treatment of Gaucher disease (see, e.g., Examples 1 and 2). Furthermore, the dexamethasone-induced increase in glucocerebrosidase uptake is selective for macrophage cells, which are the cells most severely affected by Gaucher disease. Likewise, up-regulation of the mannose 6-phosphate / IGF-II receptor (M6P / IGF-II) by insulin / glucose on muscle cell surfaces increases target organ uptake of acid alpha-glucosidase which is needed for the treatment of Pompe's disease (see, e.g., Examples 3 and 4). Based on these discoveries, methods of treating lysosomal storage diseases are contemplated herein.

[0010]In yet another embodiment, cell surface density of receptors on non-target cells is decreased. For example, mannose receptors and asialoglycoprotein receptors can be decreased when the subject has a lysosomal storage disease that can be treated by a lysosomal enzyme specific for an M6P receptor such as M6P / IGF-II receptor. The decreasing agent can optionally be co-administered with the lysosomal enzyme and / or with an agent that up-regulates the M6P / IGF-II receptor on target cells. Thus, the decrease of cell surface density of mannose receptors on non-target cells can be accompanied by an increase of cell surface density of M6P / IGF-II receptors on target cells, e.g., muscle cells.

Problems solved by technology

One of the major issues with ERT treatment for lysosomal storage diseases is that the infused lysosomal enzymes are rapidly removed from the blood stream by the liver, either through carbohydrate-binding receptors or non-specifically.

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