Removing Contaminants From Crude Oil
a technology of crude oil and contaminants, applied in the direction of hydrocarbon oil dewatering/demulsification, refining by water treatment, instruments, etc., can solve the problems of restricting the use of specific water-soluble hydroxyacids in desalting operations, affecting the quality of crude oil, and amines are common unwanted contaminants. , to achieve the effect of reducing over-acidification
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example 1
ng Partitioning Levels of Amine Contaminants with Process pH
[0099]Partitioning levels for the amines monomethylamine (MMA), monoethanolamine (MEA) and ammonia (NH3) were measured across a range of pH levels at process conditions. A number of different acids were used to control the pH in the experiments. Further additives were also introduced into the system (such as further bases and metal salts) to investigate whether the presence of different types of additive may have an effect on the correlation between amine partitioning levels and process pH. Graphs depicting the correlations are shown in FIGS. 1a-c.
[0100]It can be seen that there is a strong correlation between amine partitioning level and the pH of the aqueous phase at process conditions, with higher partitioning levels observed at lower aqueous phase pH. It can also be seen that the correlation is substantially independent of the acid, or mixture of acids, being used. Furthermore, the correlation is not impacted by the pr...
example 2
ng Partitioning Levels of Acids of Interest with Process pH
[0101]Partitioning levels for the acids acetic acid (AcOH), hydrochloric acid (HC), citric acid, glycolic acid, malic acid, maleic acid, and H2S were measured across a range of pH levels. A number of different bases were used to control the pH in the experiments. Further additives were also introduced into the system (such as further acids and metal salts) to investigate whether the presence of different types of additive may have an effect on the correlation between acid partitioning levels and process pH. Graphs depicting the correlations are shown in FIGS. 2a-g.
[0102]A strong correlation between acid partitioning levels and the pH of the aqueous phase at process conditions was observed, with lower partitioning levels observed at lower aqueous phase pH. As with amine contaminants, the results indicate that the inclusion of further additives in the system does not impact on the correlation.
example 3
Acidic Conditions for Use in a Partitioning Process
[0103]Correlations between the partitioning levels and the pH of the aqueous phase for monoethanolamine were plotted against correlations between the partitioning levels and the pH of the aqueous phase for six different acids of interest: acetic acid, glycolic acid, maleic acid, malic acid, citric acid and hydrochloric acid. Graphs depicting the correlations are shown in FIGS. 3a-f.
[0104]It can be seen from the graphs that approximately 99% of monoethanolamine was partitioned into the aqueous phase at pH levels of 5 or below. However, only some of the acids of interests achieve a partitioning level of greater 80% into the aqueous phase at pH levels of 5 or below. For instance, it can be seen from FIG. 3a that approximately 70% of the acetic acid remained in the non-aqueous phase at pH levels of 5 or below. This level of acid in the non-aqueous phase is clearly undesirable, since it will lead to corrosion downstream in a refinery. A...
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