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Chemical reaction battery

a chemical reaction and battery technology, applied in the field of batteries, can solve the problems of difficult to provide inexpensive batteries with simple constructions

Inactive Publication Date: 2000-03-07
BAJI YASUO
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Benefits of technology

With the above-described arrangement, both the upper surface of the positive electrode of the first cell and the upper surface of the negative electrode of the second cell are located upwardly of the liquid surface of the first and second electrolytes or the like, whereby the upper surface of the positive electrode of the first cell acts as a gas-emitting surface and the upper surface of the negative electrode of the second cell acts as a gas-absorbing surface. Since the upper surface of the positive electrode of the first cell and the upper surface of the negative electrode of the second cell are located upwardly of the liquid surface of the first and second electrolytes or the like, the first and second catalysts need not necessarily be formed to have a porous plate-like configuration. Any other catalysts, each having a fiber-like configuration and a large number of pores, can promote the battery reaction sufficiently.
The surface of the first catalyst, which faces the sealed chamber, acts as a gas-emitting surface, and the surface of the second catalyst, which faces the sealed chamber, acts as a gas-absorbing surface. By composing both of the positive electrode of the first cell and the negative electrode of the second cell of gas-permeable and liquid-tight catalysts, the first and second electrolytes or the like in the first and second chambers can be prevented from leaking from the positive electrode of the first cell and the negative electrode of the second cell to the sealed chamber, and consequently, the posture of the battery is not so limited. In addition, the first and second chambers can be partly defined by the plate-like first and second catalysts which respectively serve as the positive electrode of the first cell and the negative electrode of the second cell, without providing any separating wall, which enables the simple construction of the battery.

Problems solved by technology

This separator, however, has the problem that the electrolyte (H.sub.2 SO.sub.4(aq)) and active material solution (CuSO.sub.4(aq)) are mixed together with time to generate self-discharging.
Consequently, it is difficult to provide inexpensive batteries with simple constructions so as not to be applied to general purposes.

Method used

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Experimental program
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first embodiment

FIG. 1 illustrates a first embodiment of a battery in accordance with the present invention. As shown, a casing 10 having a rectangular prism-like configuration, which acts as a sealed casing, includes a first cell 12 and second cell 14. The casing 10 is composed of an acid resistant and electrically insulating resin, and has a substantially sealed arrangement. Within the casing 10, a separating wall 16 stands upright on a bottom wall 18, thus defining two, left and right, compartments 20 and 22. The separating wall 16 has such a height as to be spaced from a top wall 24 of the casing 10.

In the compartment 20 on the left side of the separating wall 16, a positive electrode 26 of the first cell 12 is disposed in the upper part thereof. The positive electrode 26 is composed of platinum (Pt) sponge and has a rectangular configuration, thus covering the compartment 20.

In the compartment 20, a negative electrode 28 of the first cell 12 is accommodated. The negative electrode 28 is compos...

second embodiment

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention. In this drawing, parts which operate in substantially the same manners as those of the parts in FIGS. 1 and 2 are given the same numbers as in FIGS. 1 and 2, and the difference between the present embodiment and the first embodiment will be mainly explained. As shown, the configuration of the battery of the present embodiment is identical to that shown in FIG. 1 except for the material of the electrodes or the like. A positive electrode 72 of a second cell 74 is composed of copper (Cu) on which a layer of nickel oxyhidrate (NiOOH) is formed as the active material of the positive electrode 72. An electrolyte 76 is composed of KOH.sub.(aq) (a small amount of KOH added). Accordingly, the casing of this battery is composed of an acid-resistant and alkali-resistant material.

In this battery, NiOOH as the active material of the positive electrode 72 emits a positive charge to generate hydrolysis, thereby disso...

third embodiment

FIG. 4 illustrates a schematic diagram of the third embodiment of the present invention. In this drawing, parts which operate in substantially the same manners as those of the parts in FIG. 3 are given the same numbers as in FIG. 3, and the difference between the present embodiment and the second embodiment will be mainly explained. As shown, a first cell 78 is different from the first cell 12 of the second embodiment illustrated in FIG. 3 in materials of the electrode or the like. Namely, a negative electrode 80 of the first cell 78 is composed of calcium (Ca) which acts as an active material of the negative electrode 80, and an electrolyte 82 is composed of nitric acid (HNO.sub.3(aq)).

In operation, Ca.sub.(g) of the negative electrode 80 emits a negative charge. Resultant Ca.sup.2+ dissolves in the electrolyte 82, and H.sub.3 O.sup.+ in the electrolyte 82 is reduced on the surface of platinum sponge of the positive electrode 26 by the catalysis thereof. Resultant H.sub.2(g) is emi...

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Abstract

A battery having two chemical cells. A positive electrode of a first cell is composed of a first catalyst which reduces ions in an electrolyte and generates gas, and a negative electrode of a second cell is composed of a second catalyst which oxidizes the gas generated by the positive electrode of the first cell and generates ions as an active material of the negative electrode of the second cell. A gas-emitting surface of the positive electrode of the first cell and a gas-absorbing surface of the negative electrode of the second cell define a sealed chamber, and the positive electrode of the first cell and the negative electrode of the second cell are electrically connected to move the ions in the electrolyte of the first cell to the second cell without mixing the electrolytes or the like in the first and second cells.

Description

1. Field of the InventionThe present invention relates to a battery, and more particularly, to a chemical reaction battery using liquid or gaseous active materials.2. Description of Related ArtA chemical reaction battery has the arrangement that a pair of positive and negative active materials are provided in contact with an electrolyte. The battery reaction therein is oxidation-reduction reaction with the active materials of positive and negative electrodes. A lead storage battery used as an on-board type battery has been well known as one example of the chemical reaction battery. With the lead storage battery, dilute sulfuric acid (H.sub.2 SO.sub.4(aq)) is used as the electrolyte, lead dioxide (PbO.sub.2) is used as the active material of the positive electrode and lead (Pb) is used as the active material of the negative electrode. These active materials are both solid.In other examples of the chemical reaction battery, liquid or gaseous active materials in addition to the solid a...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(United States)
IPC IPC(8): H01M10/36H01M6/26H01M6/24H01M10/52H01M16/00H01M10/42H01M10/04H01M12/08
CPCH01M6/24H01M6/26H01M10/36H01M10/52H01M16/00H01M16/003Y02E60/10Y02E60/50Y02P70/50
Inventor BAJI, YASUO
Owner BAJI YASUO
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