56 results about "Nile tilapia" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of genetic engineering, in particular to specific molecular markers of sex chromosomes of Tilapia nilotica, wherein the nucleotide sequences of specific molecular markers NtY1 and NtY2 of a Y chromosome are respectively shown in SEQID No.1 and SEQID No.2, and the nucleotide sequence of a specific molecular marker NtX1 of a X chromosome is shown in SEQID No.3; in the invention, a genetic sex identification method of Tilapia nilotica is established by using the specific molecular markers of the sex chromosomes of the Nile tilapia, and through carrying out PCR amplification on any one or more than one of the specific molecular markers of the sex chromosomes, YY super-male fishes, XY milter and XX female fishes can be identified economically, quickly and accurately, thus being beneficial to realizing the large-scale production of holandric Tilapia nilotica fries through YY super-male fish breeding routes, obviously improving the breeding production of Tilapia nilotica, reducing the breeding cost, and improving the economic benefit.

The invention belongs to the technical field of aquatic feeds, relating to a special feed for living through the winter for tilapia. The special feed for living through the winter for the tilapia consists of raw materials and addictives. The invention is characterized in that the raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of rice bran, 35 parts of bean pulp, 13 parts of fish meal, 14 parts of wheat middling, 1.5 parts of meat and bone meal, 0.5 part of salt and 1.0 part of vegetable oil; the addictives are vitamin C and vitamin E, the content of the vitamin C is 800-1000ppm of the raw material by weight, and the content of the vitamin E is 100-200ppm of the raw material by weight; and the rice bran, the bean pulp, the fish meal, the wheat middling, the meat and bone meal and the salt are smashed, then fully mixed with the vegetable oil and granulated, drying and cooling are carried out, the vitamin C is prepared into a water solution with the concentration of 80-100g/l, the vitamin E is prepared into a vegetable oil solution with the concentration of 10-20g/l, the water solution with the concentration of 80-100g/l and the vegetable oil solution with the concentration of 10-20g/l are sprayed on the granulated mixture, and finally, sealed package is conducted after drying. The feed has high crude protein and crude fat contents and the added vitamins C and E, and has obvious effect with above 90% of overwintering survival rate in cultivating oreochromis aureus, gift tilapia and nile tilapia.

The invention discloses a method for producing seeds of new Nero-Aurea tilapia. The method comprises the following steps: (a) carrying out intraspecific hybridization by taking a female of an Egypt strain in Nile tilapia as a female parent and a male of a Gift strain in the Nile tilapia as a male parent to obtain first filial generation F1 of Nile tilapia; and (b) carrying out interspecific hybridization propagation by taking the female in first filial generation F1 of the Nile tilapia as the female parent and the male of American strain of oreochromis aurea as the male parent to obtain hybrid generation, namely the new Nero-Aurea tilapia. With the adoption of the method provided by the invention, a seed producing technique combining intraspecific hybridization with interspecific hybridization is utilized, excellent characters are combined, and the growth speed and the male rate of the tilapia are improved, thereby the cultural output and benefits of the tilapia are improved.

The invention discloses a method for selectively breeding excellent strains of saline-alkaline tolerant tilapia. The method includes steps of collecting at least three different strains of Nile tilapia to be used as selective breeding base population and evaluating the saline-alkaline tolerance; carrying out one-generation saline-alkaline tolerant selective breeding on the different strains of Nile tilapia in every year and continuously selectively breeding at least two generations; mixing the different strains of saline-alkaline tolerant Nile tilapia with obvious growth superiority with one another after saline-alkaline tolerant selective breeding is carried out on the different strains of saline-alkaline tolerant Nile tilapia, then carrying out saline-alkaline tolerant selective breedingon the different strains of saline-alkaline tolerant Nile tilapia and continuously selectively breeding at least four generations to obtain the saline-alkaline tolerant Nile tilapia of the excellentstrains. Saline-alkaline tolerant selective breeding procedures include reproduction pond preparing, parent tilapia selecting and rearing, fry hatching and fishing, screening and intensified culture and overwintering. The method has the advantages that the method is high in reliability, operability and efficiency; novel technical ways can be developed for selectively breeding stress-resistant varieties of fish, and the method has important significance and application value in popularization of rearing of stress-resistant improved varieties of cultured fish.

The invention discloses a primer for sex identification of Nile tilapia. The primer can specifically amplify AMH genes of Nile tilapia, a male individual generates two specifically amplified segments, lengths of the specifically amplified segments are 179bp and 412bp respectively, and a female individual generates a specifically amplified segment of 412bp in length. The primer is used to amplify genome DNA of Nile tilapia, the male individual generates the two specifically amplified segments of 179bp and 412bp in length, the female individual generates the specifically amplified segment of 412bp in length, and the male individual and the female individual can be distinguished obviously, so that sexes of Nile tilapia can be identified simply and accurately. The primer is high in specificity and does not amplify other segments except for a target segment. The invention further discloses a PCR (polymerase chain reaction) identification method using the primer. The PCR identification method is quick to operate and accurate in result, and the defect of unstable results caused by adopting conventional morphological methods to identify Nile tilapia different in sex is avoided.

The invention discloses an efficient induction method and a microsatellite molecular marker identification method of Nile tilapia pseudo-female fishes. Different doses of estrogen diethylstilbestrol (DES) are used for sex reversal processing of different groups of Nile tilapia fishes to establish the efficient induction method of the Nile tilapia pseudo-female fishes; and a newly-developed microsatellite molecular marker tlp-23-sd and a primer thereof are further used for identification of the Nile tilapia pseudo-female fishes to establish the microsatellite molecular marker rapid identification method of the pseudo-female fishes, wherein the microsatellite molecular marker tlp-23-sd is closely linked with the sex. The efficient induction method is high in pseudo-female fish induction efficiency, and the microsatellite molecular marker rapid identification method is rapid, accurate and reliable in identification, and can be used for the production and identification of the Nile tilapia pseudo-female fishes.

The invention discloses a microsatellite marker paternity identification primer and method suitable for nile tilapia, blue tilapia and a hybrid thereof, and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of fish breeding. The method screens 13 pairs of fluorescent marker microsatellite primers for paternity identification. The identification method comprises the following steps of: constructing a complete sibling family of the tilapia, the blue tilapia and the hybrid thereof; extracting genomic DNA of parents and progeny of each family; screening polymorphic microsatellite markers; performing PCR amplification on fluorescent marker microsatellite primers; and performing multiple capillary electrophoresis typing and paternity identification. The invention establishes a microsatellite marker paternity identification method suitable for the tilapia, the blue tilapia and the hybrid thereof for the first time, the identification accuracy rate is 100%, and the identification accuracy rate can reach 99.43% in practical application. The method has high identification accuracy and simple and convenient operation, and can be used for guiding population inheritance and family pedigree management of the three tilapia in the breeding process.

The invention discloses a pseudo-male and full-female nile tilapia fingerling production method. The method includes the following steps that the step 1, fodder including methyltestosterone is fed continuously for 15 days after nile tilapia opens mouth, and phenotype full-male tilapia is obtained and bred to be sexually mature; the step 2, the phenotype full-male tilapia is used as male parents, common female nile tilapia is used as female parents, and compatriot families are established in the ratio of 1:1; the step 3, 100 fries are selected randomly from each family for methyltestosterone treatment, in addition, 100 fries commonly bred are selected randomly as a comparison set, the ratio of female tilapia and male tilapia in the comparison set is counted, medication treatment set male tilapia corresponding to the full-female comparison set is the pseudo-male tilapia with sex chromosome XX, and the pseudo-male tilapia is selected and remains and is bred to be sexually mature; the step 4, the sex chromosome of offspring bred through the pseudo-male tilapia and the common tilapia is XX, large-scale fingerling production of the full-female tilapia can be achieved through common breeding, and mass production of the pseudo-male tilapia can be achieved through methyltestosterone treatment. According to the method, the quality of fingerling of the tilapia can be improved, the fingerling production efficiency can be improved, and fingerling production cost can be reduced.

The invention discloses a selection method capable of improving the reproductive performance of a Nile tilapia and blue tilapia cross-breeding line and relates to the technical field of improved variety selection in the field of aquaculture. The method aims to solve the problem that the fry yield of a Nile tilapia and blue tilapia cross-breeding line in the prior art is low, and the problem is solved through population hybridization screening, individual hybridization screening, breeding of the line and continuing of selection. Selection is directly conducted according to cross-breeding properties of male parents and female parents in the Nile tilapia and blue tilapia cross-breeding line, individuals in which cross-breeding is most likely to happen are selected from populations to form parent groups for conducting reproduction and continuing selection, favorable genes related to cross-breeding properties are polymerized, cross-breeding fry output performance of the line is remarkably improved through a plurality of generations of selection, the technical problem about selection of the high-reproduction type Nile tilapia and blue tilapia cross-breeding line is broken through, the selection method is greatly simplified, the selection cost is reduced, development of Nile tilapia and blue tilapia large-scale breeding is promoted, and economic benefits are improved.

The invention discloses an X-chromosome specific molecular marker of Nile tilapia. The nucleotide sequence of the X-chromosome specific molecular marker is as shown in SEQ ID No.3; the X-chromosome specific molecular marker can be commonly used for a plurality of strains of Nile tilapia; the genetic sex determination of the Nile tilapia can be performed economically, rapidly and accurately based on the molecular marker; the molecular marker is advantageous for establishing a method for producing YY supermale fish through mating of supermale fish YY with converted female fish YY; therefore, large-scale production of all male fish fry can be realized through mating of the YY supermale fish and the normal female fish XX; as a result, the yield of culture is improved remarkably, the culture cost is reduced and the economic benefit is enhanced.

The invention discloses a nile tilapia NPB29 (neuropeptide B29) peptide as well as an encoding nucleic acid and an application thereof. The sequence of the NPB29 peptide is shown in SEQ ID NO:1. Experiments prove that after the NPB29 peptide disclosed by the invention is injected to the tilapia by means of intraperitoneal injection, the expression of feeding factors of NPY (neuropeptide Y) and CCK1 (cholecystokinin1) in the brain of the tilapia can be stimulated, the GH (Growth Hormone) in hypophysis can be inhibited, and PRL (prolactin) can be stimulated, thereby proving that the NPB functional 29 peptide plays an important role in feeding and growth control.

The invention discloses a nutrient enrichment fodder for improving the capability of juvenile tilapia resisting streptococcus agalactiae. The fodder comprises the following nutrient components by mass percent: 25-40 parts of protein source raw material, 3-10 parts of fat source raw material, 30-55 parts of carbohydrate source raw material, 0-3.5 parts of complex vitamin, 0-3.5 parts of complex mineral salt, 0-0.5 part of antioxidant, 0-5 parts of adhesive, 0-15 parts of cellulose, 0-3.0 parts of glycine, and 0-3.0 parts of arginine. The fodder can meet the nutritional requirement of the tilapia on maintaining best immune state, can effectively improve the capability of juvenile tilapia resisting streptococcus agalactiae, not only can lower morbidity of the tilapia in cultivation, but also can improve the industrial profit. The fodder has good palatability, has no drug residue in the tilapia, meets the requirement of environment-friendly healthy aquatic products, and has significance to realization of sustainable development of tilapia cultivation.

The invention discloses a method for establishing a nile tilapia merit female pure line. Only XX female tilapia is generated through gynogenetic egg chromosome doubling, false male tilapia (XX) obtained after sex reversion can carry out fertilization normally with the female tilapia, so that fry of the later generation are all female tilapia, and in other words, the female pure line is achieved. The nile tilapia merit female pure line is established through the method of parent selecting, maturation accelerating of parents, gynogenesis, sex reversion and inbreeding, and the merits of nile tilapia as reproduction female parents are effectively maintained.

The invention aims to provide a novel, high-efficiency and sustainable method for performing biological treatment, prevention and control on benthonic and adhered algae in eutrophic water polluted by algae by using special activity organisms, namely gift strain nile tilapia, and enriching, digesting and converting the algae so as to adjust a water ecological environment and purify water quality. The method overcomes the defects in the conventional method, such as big investment, high operating cost, low efficiency, difficulty to sustain, easy cause of secondary ecological pollution and the like. The method is implemented by the following steps of: 1, selecting lakes or other nonliquid water areas in which the benthonic and adhered algae are abundant and adding the intensively bred healthy male gift strain nile tilapia into the water according to the proportion of 0.2 to 1.6 kilograms of fish per cubic meter water; and 2, selecting liquid water areas in which the benthonic and adhered algae are abundant, arranging fishing nets at upstream and downstream, and adding the intensively bred healthy male gift strain nile tilapia into the areas which are controlled by the fishing nets according to the proportion of 0.2 to 2.4 kilograms of fish per cubic meter water.

The invention discloses a molecular marker and a screening method of gift strain nile tilapia oreochromis niloticus streptococcus iniae infection resistant family. The molecular marker is a sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.20; the screening method comprises five steps of streptococcus iniae infection, genome DNA extraction, primer screening, SRAP-PCR (Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism-Polymerase Chain Reaction) amplification and sequencing and analyzing, by the method, a parent family with stronger resistance to streptococcus iniae disease can be found more accurately and quickly, after enhanced cultivation, the parent family can be used as the parent for fingerlings propagation. The molecular marker screened out is prepared into a probe for detecting different parent families, the probe can sort out the streptococcus iniae disease resistant parent more simply and accurately, and selection of parent among different families is facilitated. Meanwhile, by using the bred disease-resistant parent as the propagation parent, quality of fingerlings can be improved further, and culture benefit of gift strain nile tilapia oreochromis niloticus can be increased.

The invention discloses a primer for nile tilapia germ plasm purity identification and a PCR identification method. The primer is capable of amplifying an MyoD (Myogenic Differentiation Antigen) gene of nile tilapia, so as to generate a strip of 229bp specific amplification fragment. (1), the primer provided by the invention is used to amplify the genomic DNA of the nile tilapia, so as to generate the strip of 229bp specific amplification fragment, and a strip of 264bp band of blue tilapia, wherein two strips of hybrid tilapia are respectively 229bp and 264bp bands, which can be obviously distinguished, and thus the germ plasm purity identification of the nile tilapia can be simply and accurately carried out; (2), the specificity of the primer provided by the invention is high, and other fragments except the target fragment cannot be amplified; (3), the invention discloses the PCR identification method using the primer, and the method is fast and convenient in operation and accurate in result, so that the defect of unstable result brought about by adopting a conventional morphological method to identify the nile tilapia of different species is avoided.

Gift tilapia is a new strain bred from Nile tilapia, and has the characteristics of fast growth, good body type and tender meat. As the growth rate of male tilapia is faster than that of female tilapia, the increase of the proportion of male gift tilapia can greatly improve the culture efficiency. Aiming at the situations, by a method of controlling the temperature condition of hatching water, the invention provides a method for hatching the gift tilapia with high-male-rate. The method can raise the male rate of the gift tilapia from the prior 50 percent to over 90 percent, namely by 40 percent, thus the yield of the gift tilapia can be raised by more than 10 percent than before at least. Meanwhile, as the proportion of female gift tilapia is greatly reduced, and bred fry in culture ponds greatly decrease, so that the contradiction that the fry and adult fishes fight for water and bait is avoided.

The invention provides an establishment method of a nile tilapia mstnb homozygous knockout line and a rapid growth strain obtained by the same, the method comprises the following steps: (1) mixing nile tilapia mstn gene gRNA with Cas9 mRNA, and incubating at room temperature to obtain a compound of gRNA and Cas9 mRNA; adding a small molecule dye into the compound, and uniformly mixing to obtain the CRISPR/Cas9 gene edited microinjection; (2) enabling fertilized eggs of the Nile tilapia in a cell stage after artificial insemination to uniformly lie flat in a culture dish; (3) transferring the microinjection into a micro needle tube and injecting the microinjection into the cell fertilized eggs fixed in the step (2) by using a microinjector; and (4) transferring the fertilized eggs into a 26 +/-2 DEG C constant-temperature circulating water hatching system for hatching after injection. The weight of the Nile tilapia mossambica with the mstnb mutation obtained by the method is increased by about 50% compared with that of wild tilapia mossambica at the age of seven months, important support is provided for increasing the breeding yield of the Nile tilapia mossambica, and the method has a good application prospect.

The present invention provides a Nile tilapia feed which is composed of the following raw materials in parts by mass anabarilius meal 40-50 parts, soybean meal 20-25 parts, alpha-starch 5-8 parts, choline chloride 0.2-0.8 parts, gelatin 5-10 parts, sodium alginate 0-2 parts, casein 50-60 parts, fish oil 5-10 parts, pupa proteins 8-12 parts, soy lecithin 1-5 parts, calcium dihydrogen phosphate 1-3 parts, mineral salt premixes 0.5-2 parts, vitamin premix 0-1 part and compound enzyme 0.01-0.05 part. The Nile tilapia feed uses the fish oil and soy lecithin as fat sources, and the fish meal, casein and pupa proteins as protein sources, explores the optimal fat levels of the Nile tilapia compound feed, and meets nutritional needs and raising standards of Nile tilapia.