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This invention relates to the technical field of ultrasound image feature extraction for thyroid nodules, specifically to a method and system for ultrasound image feature extraction of thyroid nodules. The method includes the following steps: acquiring an ultrasound image containing thyroid nodules; performing multi-scale image analysis on the ultrasound image to construct a multi-scale image representation of the ultrasound image; using the multi-scale image representation to identify low-echo regions in the ultrasound image, and combining feature analysis, judgment correction, and spatial relationship verification to determine the acoustic shadowing region in the ultrasound image; performing suppression processing on the acoustic shadowing region, wherein the suppression processing includes unifying the signal within the acoustic shadowing region and softening the boundary of the acoustic shadowing region to obtain an optimized image; identifying the contour of the thyroid nodule based on the optimized image; and quantifying the morphology and internal structure of the thyroid nodule based on its contour. This application can effectively identify and suppress acoustic shadowing regions in ultrasound images.