Two-step reacting method and device for preparing acetylene by dry method

Abstract

The invention provides a two-step reaction method for preparing acetylene by a dry process, and comprises 1) air in the crushed calcium carbide kernel is made a metathesis by nitrogen; 2) with water and material proportion by weight of 0.50-0.6:1, water is given continuously, and the water and material are mixed constrainedly, kneaded, self-cleaned in the process of a first conversion zone in which calcium carbide kernel is continuously put into while in the water deficient environment, the reaction temperature is 80 DEG C to 85 DEG C, reaction pressure is 750-850mm water column, reaction time is 10 minutes to 16 minutes. The generated acetylene is sealed by water and sent to an air tank; 3) unspent calcium carbide kernel in the first conversion zone, reacted calcium carbide groundslag and condensational and regurgitant steam water are sent into a second conversion zone, in the water deficient environment, reaction temperature is 60 DEG C to 70 DEG C, reaction pressure is 350 to 450mm water column, reaction time is 60 minutes to 90 minutes, the reacted acetylene is sealed by water and sent to the air tank. The method of invention can be used for producing acetylene continuously with concomitant product that is calcium carbide drymeal, and the method of invention has the advantages of water conservation, environmental protective and safety. The invention also provides a two-step reaction device for preparing acetylene by the dry process.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The present invention relates to a dry method for preparing acetylene, in particular to a two-step reaction method and device for dry method for preparing acetylene. Background technique: [0002] Acetylene (C 2 H 2 ) Is an important organic chemical raw material. At present, my country mainly adopts the calcium carbide method to produce acetylene. The amount of calcium carbide used in the polyvinyl chloride (PVC) industry accounts for more than 90% of the total calcium carbide consumption in the country, and the annual consumption of calcium carbide is more than 10 million tons. [0003] For the production process of calcium carbide acetylene, due to the particularity of the calcium carbide acetylene reaction, the wet process technology has been used for many years, that is, the calcium carbide is placed in a water environment more than 10 times for the hydration reaction, and the calcium carbide is placed in the water in the form of lumps. A long-term re...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] In recent years, some scientific research institutes and enterprises have also been engaged in the research and development of dry-process acetylene. According to reports, there are mainly two forms. One main reactor is a tank multi-layer tray spray type, which requires calcium carbide to be prepared as fine particles. (<4mm), the main problems are: 1. The calcium carbide is too fine to deliquify, and the loss is too large; 2. The fine powder reacts too violently, which is prone to accidents; 3. The volume of the tank is large, and the risk increases

The second type of main reactor is a constant-velocity horizontal double-helix spray type. The main problems are: 1. The constant-velocity double-helix agitation cannot be self-cleaned, and the reaction surface of the calcium carbide particles cannot be forced to be renewed, and the reaction efficiency is not high; 2. Due to the stirring The device cannot be cleaned by itself, and it is easy to agglomerate and block

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