Artificially controlled molecule-assisted cross-breeding method for Chinese jujube
A hybrid breeding and artificial control technology, applied in the fields of botanical equipment and methods, application, plant genetic improvement, etc., can solve the problems of low natural fruit setting rate of jujube trees, difficulty in artificial emasculation, poor breeding orientation, etc., to speed up jujube trees. The effect of the process of hybrid breeding, improving the efficiency of hybrid breeding, and breaking through the bottleneck of emasculation
Inactive Publication Date: 2012-07-18
HEBEI AGRICULTURAL UNIV.
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But in jujube trees, due to the small flowers (only about 0.5cm in diameter), the difficulty of artificial detasseling, and the low natural fruit setting rate of jujube trees and serious embryo abortion, it is difficult to obtain hybrid offspring after artificial hybridization
Many scientific research institutes at home and abroad have carried out a large number of artificial pollination practices of jujube trees (artificial emasculation, artificial pollination, bagging), but few hybrid offspring groups have been obtained. Variety
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[0016] In order to breed excellent seedless fresh edible jujube varieties, an adult winter jujube plant (with seeds, high kernel content, excellent fresh food quality, and excellent comprehensive traits) was selected as the female parent, and an adjacent seedless small jujube plant was selected as the female parent. Jujube (seed core degeneration, fruit can be eaten entirely) is the male parent; in mid-May, before the female parent and male parent trees enter the flowering period, the two parents are covered with a white nylon net (25 holes / cm 2 ) were completely covered; after entering the flowering period, put a box of bees that had not collected pollen from other jujube varieties in the net, and put a certain amount of sugar water (white sugar: water = 1:1) in the net; Remove the bees, and remove the nylon net cover after the end of the flowering period; after the fruit of the female parent is fully mature, take the jujube fruit, take out the jujube core, carefully pick out ...
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The invention relates to a date tree manual control crossbreeding method assisted by molecule, that is, the hybrid progeny of the date tree is obtained by artificially selecting parent, cover net control hybridation, pollination assisted by insects, molecular marker hybrid identification, etc. According to target breeding, the parent is selected, two parents are adjacently planted or grafted on the same date tree; before the plants of the parents blossom out, a net that has the functions of ventilation and light transmission but can stop pollination insects from entering is used for completely covering a parent tree, the pollination insects that never collect pollen are put in the net for helping pollination, and the pollination insects and the net cover are removed after florescence is over; the fruit born by the two parents are all picked up, the kernels are taken out and sowed to obtain seedlings; the genome DNAs of all the seedlings and the two parents are extracted, the molecularmarker techniques such as AFLP, etc., are adopted for hybrid identification; the seedlings of the hybrid progeny are systematically observed and evaluated for breeding improved varieties. The method is applied to the practices of date tree breeding, can break through the bottleneck of difficult emasculation in the crossbreeding of date trees and improve the idioplasm innovation and crossbreeding efficiency of the date trees.
Description
technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for artificially controlled cross breeding of jujube trees with molecular assistance. Background technique [0002] Crossbreeding can recombine the genes of the male parent and the female parent to realize germplasm innovation, and is one of the most commonly used methods in fruit tree breeding. But in jujube trees, due to the small flowers (only about 0.5 cm in diameter), the difficulty of artificial detasseling, and the low natural fruit setting rate of jujube trees and serious embryo abortion, it is difficult to obtain hybrid offspring after artificial hybridization. Many scientific research institutes at home and abroad have carried out a large number of artificial pollination practices of jujube trees (artificial emasculation, artificial pollination, bagging), but few hybrid offspring groups have been obtained. Variety. At present, the germplasm innovation of jujube trees is mainly through natural seed selection...
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IPC IPC(8): A01H1/02A01H1/04
Inventor 刘孟军刘平王玖瑞代丽
Owner HEBEI AGRICULTURAL UNIV.