Pressure-tunable plate gradual shaping pressure head and shaping device thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an incremental forming indenter for sheet material with an adjustable pressure. The indenter comprises a forming indenter cylinder body, wherein a forming motor is fixedly mounted at the upper end of the cylindrical forming indenter cylinder body; a forming ball head is moveably arranged at the lower end of the forming indenter cylinder body via a ball cup, and the formingball head is provided with an overhang ball cap part which extends out of the lower end of the forming indenter cylinder body; a transmission pair composed of a screw rod and a screw nut, and a pressure sensor are sequentially arranged from top to bottom in an inner cavity of the forming indenter cylinder body, and the pressure sensor is positioned between an upper backing plate and a lower backing plate; the screw rod is connected with an output shaft of the forming motor, and the screw nut is supported on the upper backing plate; and a ball head spring is supported between the lower backingplate and the ball cup. Based on the principle of 'layered manufacture', a thin-shell piece with a required shape is produced by adopting the layered incremental forming, therefore, the indenter is characterized by high machining accuracy, good surface quality, accurate and stable forming, adjustable and controllable pressure, etc., and is widely applicable to the forming processes of various complex curved shapes and various trial-manufacture stamping parts in small amount.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the forming process of metal plates, in particular to forming equipment for processing various shapes with complex curved surfaces, such as shells and sheet metal parts of automobiles and aircrafts. Background technique [0002] According to statistics, 60%-70% of the steel products in the world are plates, most of which are made into finished products after stamping. In fact, in the modern manufacturing industry, there are a large number of stamped parts in products such as automobile bodies, aviation aircraft shells, various instruments, office machinery, and even household appliances and living utensils. At present, most of these sheet metal forming parts with various curved surface shapes rely on presses and molds to apply pressure to sheet materials, strips or profiles, etc., so that they can be plastically deformed to obtain formed sheet metal parts of required shape and size. Although this existing stamping and forming ...

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Problems solved by technology

Although this existing stamping and forming processing method has the advantages of labor saving, material saving, high production efficiency and easy control of stamping force, it also has some shortcomings: first, the mold manufacturing cost is high and the production cycle is long, so it is only suitable for Large-scale batch production, but it is very uneconomical for small batches or trial-produced parts, especially for the research and development of new products; secondly, the processing range of this kind of stamping is also limited to a certain extent. Modern automobile manufacturing, Sheet metal parts in the aerospace industry and other fields are moving towards increasingly complex structures, increasing precision, increasing block size, and increasing number of associated parts, which makes the production of molds more and more difficult, so that it is difficult to make ideal high-precision parts. Die; Furthermore, for stamping equipment with a cylindrical stamping head, since the stamping force is always vertically downward, for the curved surface or inclined surface of the workpiece, the stamping head must generate a tangential component force along the tangential direction of the stamping point, This tangential component force will inevitably produce tangential tearing of the workpiece, resulting in tearing and wrinkling of the workpiece; at the same time, in this stamping forming method, the curvature radius of the workpiece is limited by the radius of the stamping head, otherwise it will directly affect the workpiece. Shape and Dimensional Accuracy

But this kind of forming method still has the following disadvantages: First, the forming pressure is unstable, and the forming pressure is obviously affected by the change of the gap between the electromagnetic indenter and the workpiece. Accurately form the required curved surface shape; at the same time, the coil plane must be parallel to the workpiece, otherwise the pressure will be unstable and it will be difficult to obtain the required workpiece shape; second, the forming pressure is not easy to adjust and control, and the direction of the stamping force of the electromagnetic pressure is in the The stamping action position is divergent within a certain range. This divergent stamping force is difficult to achieve follow-up adjustment through computer control, which is not conducive to the quantitative and precise forming of the workpiece to be processed.

In addition, the stamping force of the electromagnetic indenter is also related to the conductivity of the processed material, which limits the scope of application of this electromagnetic forming process

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