System and apparatus for producing synthesis gas from garbage and biomass raw material

Abstract

The invention provides a system and equipment for producing synthesis gas by garbage and biomass raw materials, which relates to garbage and biomass gasification equipment. The system and the equipment are characterized in that a vapor circulation loop and a calcium oxide circulation loop are arranged in the system; the garbage and the biomass raw materials are vaporized by an exothermic reaction of absorbing CO2 of the calcium oxide in a gasification furnace to cooperate with thermal plasma, so that the garbage and the biomass raw materials are converted into high heating value synthesis gas for cleaning energy or chemical raw materials. The system mainly comprises a multiphase circulation gasification furnace, a plasma spray gun, the vapor circulation loop, the calcium oxide circulation loop, a wet purification tower and a gas holder, wherein a circulation output interface of the gasification furnace is connected to a gas-solid separator; a gas outlet of the gas-solid separator is connected to a circulating fan; an air outlet of the circulating fan is connected to the vapor circulation input interface of the gasification furnace; a dipleg of the gas-solid separator is connected to a feed delivery valve; the feed delivery valve is connected to a calcium oxide calcining furnace through a solid phase conveying pipe; and a calcium oxide outlet of the calcium oxide calcining furnace is connected to a calcium oxide jet tube of the gasification furnace through a refeed line.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to garbage and biomass treatment technology, in particular to gasification system equipment for garbage and biomass. Background technique [0002] At present, the energy shortage and the environmental protection situation are grim. With the development of my country's national economy and the continuous expansion of urban scale, garbage is increasing rapidly, and its content of harmful components is getting higher and higher. If it is not handled properly, it will pollute the environment and threaten people's health. This will not only restrict The progress of the society also affects the sustainable development of the national economy. At present, China's treatment of municipal solid waste mainly includes sanitary landfill technology, composting (biochemical) technology and incineration technology. Most areas use sanitary landfill to treat municipal solid waste, which not only takes up a lot of land, wastes resources, but also ea...

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Problems solved by technology

At present, China's treatment of municipal solid waste mainly includes sanitary landfill technology, composting (biochemical) technology and incineration technology. Most areas use sanitary landfill to treat municipal solid waste, which not only takes up a lot of land, wastes resources, but also easily pollutes Land and groundwater; composting only utilizes about 40% of organic matter, and it is necessary to build supporting incineration process equipment and sanitary landfills. Heavy metals in composting products may pollute the soil and enter the food chain crops. There are hidden dangers of secondary pollution; using the incineration power generation method to deal with urban domestic waste can reduce the amount and recycle domestic waste, but waste incineration power generation has the following disadvantages: 1. The main goal is to treat waste, and the energy utilization rate is low. Only about 20%; 2. The emissions of flue gas and carbon dioxide are large, and the pollutants in the flue gas include dust, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, sulfur oxides, nitrogen oxides, carcinogenic and highly toxic substances (dioxins, furans), heavy metals ( Mercury, lead, chromium, etc.), although there is a flue gas purification system, it is difficult to completely eliminate, especially the excessive discharge of dioxins and furans. At present, there is still a lack of technically reliable terminal purification processes for NOx and dioxins; 3. Economical The output / input ratio is small, the economic benefits are poor, and government financial subsidies are required, so it cannot be widely used

However, the waste of agricultural and forestry surplus materials in our country is astonishing. Except for a small part of rural areas that are used to ferment and produce biogas, most of them are directly burned, landfilled, and rotted.

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