Special-shaped cathode structured aluminum electrolytic cell

Abstract

The invention relates to a special-shaped cathode structured aluminum electrolytic cell. The aluminum electrolytic cell comprises a cell shell, a fire-resistant and thermal-insulation material arranged at the bottom, an anode carbon block and a cathode carbon block, wherein the bottom of the cathode carbon block is provided with a cathode steel bar. The aluminum electrolytic cell is characterized in that: a round angle or an arc angle is formed at the upper end of the cathode carbon block lengthways; and the top of the cathode carbon block is provided with a traverse groove. The special-shaped cathode structure aluminum electrolytic cell can greatly reduce horizontal current in aluminum liquid, makes the current density of the cathode carbon block and the cathode steel bar more uniform, makes the magnetic field distribution in the cathode carbon block and the cathode steel bar more uniform, can effectively reduce the flow velocity and the fluctuation range of the aluminum liquid, and greatly prolongs the service life of the electrolytic cell.

Description

1. Technical field [0001] The invention relates to an aluminum electrolytic cell, in particular to an aluminum electrolytic cell with a special-shaped cathode structure. 2. Background technology [0002] At present, the extraction of aluminum in industry is mainly produced by cryolite-alumina molten salt electrolysis, and its special equipment is an electrolytic cell lined with carbonaceous materials. It is a refractory material and insulation brick. The carbon lining of the electrolytic cell is generally made of carbon bricks made of anthracite or graphite materials or a mixture of the two, which have good resistance to sodium salt and electrolyte corrosion. The carbon paste made of carbonaceous material is used for tamping between the block and the carbon block. [0003] The cathode structure of the existing aluminum electrolytic cell mostly adopts a groove at the bottom of the cathode carbon block and is equipped with a cathode steel rod. The cathode carbon block is vert...

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Problems solved by technology

For example, Chinese patent CN201416037Y discloses a new type of aluminum electrolytic cell. The cathode structure of the electrolytic cell includes a tank shell and a lining. The height of the solid material is lower than the height of the cathode carbon block so that grooves appear between the cathode carbon blocks. The cathode structure of this aluminum electrolytic cell can make the aluminum liquid flow into the groove, but the points on the surface of the cathode are connected to the cathode steel rod. The distance varies greatly, and the current density and magnetic field strength are unevenly distributed during the electrolysis process, which seriously affects the current efficiency

Another example is that the Chinese patent ZL200710010523.4 discloses a special-shaped cathode carbon block structure electrolytic cell, the upper surface of the cathode carbon block forms more than two protrusions, and the gaps between the cathode carbon blocks are filled with carbon paste to form grooves, which can reach The effect of slowing down the flow rate and fluctuation amplitude of molten aluminum, similarly, the distance from each point on the cathode surface to the cathode steel rod is very different, and the current density and magnetic field strength are unevenly distributed during the electrolysis process, which seriously affects the current efficiency

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