Semi-dry process air humidifying and dehumidifying type seawater desalinating system and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a semi-dry process air humidifying and dehumidifying type seawater desalinating system and method utilizing solar energy, and belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination. The system comprises a solar air heat collector, a jetting bed evaporator, a bag dust remover, a horizontal-tube falling-film condenser and a steam-water separator, wherein the output end of the solar air heat collector is connected with a bottom spray nozzle of the jetting bed evaporator; a seawater input source is connected with a top seawater inlet guide pipe of the jetting bed evaporator; the output end of the jetting bed evaporator is sequentially connected with the bag dust remover, the horizontal-tube falling-film condenser and the steam-water separator; and the output end of the steam-water separator is used for outputting freshwater. The system runs under normal pressure without need of a vacuum pump; the jetting bed evaporator is used in the system to enhance air moistureabsorption process and improve the seawater evaporation efficiency; the horizontal-tube falling-film condenser is used to improve the heat exchange efficiency of the condenser; and a semi-dry processevaporation flow is adopted, thus a concentrated saline storage or circulation device is not needed and salt particles can be recovered by the bag dust remover.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a semi-dry gas humidification and dehumidification type seawater desalination system and method using solar energy, and belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination. Background technique [0002] Currently, the most widely used seawater desalination technologies include multi-stage flash evaporation, multi-effect evaporation and reverse osmosis. These methods all consume a large amount of fuel or power resources. Desalination of seawater by using solar energy, a renewable energy source, can avoid energy and environmental problems caused by the consumption of a large amount of fuel and electric power resources. But solar energy is a kind of low-quality thermal energy. If no complex concentrating device is used, solar energy can only heat the working medium to a certain temperature. When used to directly distill seawater, multiple vacuum pumps are required to complete the distillation process. Humidification-dehumid...

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Problems solved by technology

In addition, some of the above technologies use external circulating water as a cold source in the process of water vapor condensation, resulting in waste of heat, while some add several independent heat exchangers to make the system too complicated in order to use this part of condensation heat

The seawater in the evaporators of the above technologies cannot be completely evaporated, and they are all equipped with concentrated brine storage or circulation pipelines. On the one hand, this causes waste of heat carried by the concentrated brine, and on the other hand, the pipelines are easily corroded.

In order to increase the seawater evaporation area, some technologies use nozzles to atomize seawater, but considering the corrosiveness of seawater, the nozzles are easily damaged

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