Load balance CTP (Collection Tree Protocol) routing protocol

Abstract

The invention provides a load balance CTP (Collection Tree Protocol) routing protocol based on data transmission applicable to wireless sensor networks. The protocol compromises between the energy consumption of nodes in a wireless sensor network, and the high efficiency and reliability of data transmission, as well as the balance of node energy consumption of nodes on the same level of a routing tree of a topological structure in the wireless sensor network. Through considering data amount forwarded to a candidate father node when a father node is selected as the node in the wireless sensor network, forwarded data of nodes on the same level of the topological structure tree in the wireless sensor network is balanced; therefore, while the overall performance optimization of the network ensured, the survival time of the network is effectively prolonged, the energy efficiency of the network is improved, the problem of network oscillation of the wireless sensor network is solved, and the performance of high data delivery rate and high data transmission efficiency of the CTP routing protocol is maintained.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a CTP routing protocol, in particular to a CTP routing protocol (BCTP routing protocol) suitable for wireless sensor networks based on load balancing of data transmission. Background technique [0002] The CTP routing protocol is currently the most widely used routing protocol in the TinyOS operating system. The basic idea is: build a converging tree, use at least one tree root node as the base station, when the monitoring data collected by the node is to be transmitted to the base station, the data is transmitted upward along the collection tree, when the node receives the data, as the If the node is not a base station, it forwards the received data to its next hop node. When there is more than one root node in the wireless sensor network, a forest is formed, and the CTP routing protocol implicitly makes the node join one of the aggregation trees by selecting the parent node (that is, the next hop node). The routing protocol...

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Problems solved by technology

But this protocol has the following two problems: First, random selection may cause some nodes to be overloaded while other nodes are idle, but the probability of this situation is small

Second, because the selection of the parent node is not determined according to the quality of the link, the path selected above is not the best, although it avoids the energy depletion of some nodes due to heavy load, which will cause the entire network life The problem of reducing the problem, but because the data forwarded by nodes on the path with poor link quality is the same as the path with good link quality (at least from the same probability), because the link with poor link quality transmits The data needs to be retransmitted many times, which consumes a lot of energy in this regard, and the path is likely to exhaust the energy of nodes at the same level very quickly, resulting in a shortened network life.

And because the load balance of the topology is adjusted after the routing topology is established, the next-hop node with a better link status loads more data forwarding work, and there is no link with good link quality proposed in Document 2. The problem of the advantages of the CTP routing protocol that the routing protocol discards has the same probability as the transmission path of the node and the link with the poor link state

But this routing protocol also has certain problems

[0013] First of all, the routing protocol needs to save too many topological states of the wireless sensor network. Since the topological structure of the wireless sensor network changes in real time, the inaccuracy of various states saved in the nodes leads to the inaccuracy of the routing protocol.

Moreover, we see that the balance algorithm of the routing protocol for the CTP routing protocol has too much calculation and too much data to save. The actual operation results are not necessarily good on wireless sensor nodes with low computing power and resources first.

[0014] In addition, when the algorithm of the routing protocol balances the load, it only transfers the child node of the node with the largest load to the child node with the smallest number of descendant nodes, and slowly debugging has reached the balanced load of the network, so the routing of the wireless sensor network using this algorithm The stabilization time is long, which may lead to unstable data transmission and high energy consumption during the routing stabilization time period.

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