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Method for leaching platinum metals from spent automobile exhaust catalyst

A technology of automobile exhaust and platinum group metals, which is applied in the field of metallurgy and chemical industry, can solve the problems of precious metal loss and low leaching rate, and achieve the effects of efficient treatment, simple process, good economic and social benefits

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-04-02
KUNMING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This method is mainly an enrichment method for precious metal concentrates. Wet leaching of precious metals is still a traditional method, and the problem of low traditional leaching rate has not been solved, and there is a certain degree of loss of precious metals during enrichment.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0029] (1) Preliminarily pulverize the exhausted automobile exhaust catalyst with a platinum content of 339g / t, a palladium content of 974g / t, and a rhodium content of 183g / t, and then finely grind it until the particle size is less than 75 microns;

[0030] (2) According to the mass ratio of automobile exhaust catalyst and flux as 1:10, add flux NaHSO to the automobile exhaust catalyst obtained in step (1) 4 , at the same time add NaClO according to 2% of the total mass of the automobile exhaust catalyst and flux, mix and then calcine at 700°C for 2 hours;

[0031] (3) The calcined product obtained in step (2) was subjected to water-soluble stirring and leaching at room temperature for 20 minutes, and after solid-liquid separation, the filter residue was washed three times, and the filter residue was added dropwise at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:12. Hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 9mol / L, At the same time, add H at 5% of the volume of hydrochloric acid 2 o 2 , acid ...

Embodiment 2

[0033] (1) Preliminarily pulverize the exhausted automobile exhaust catalyst with a platinum content of 300g / t, a palladium content of 1100g / t, and a rhodium content of 160g / t, and then finely grind it to a particle size of 65 microns;

[0034] (2) According to the mass ratio of automobile exhaust catalyst and flux as 1:8, add flux NaHSO to the automobile exhaust catalyst obtained in step (1) 4 , while adding NaClO according to 1% of the total mass of automobile exhaust catalyst and flux 3 , and then calcined at 650°C for 1 hour after mixing;

[0035](3) The calcined product obtained in step (2) was stirred and leached in water at room temperature for 60 minutes, and after solid-liquid separation, the filter residue was washed three times, and the filter residue was added dropwise at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:15. Hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 7mol / L, At the same time, add H at 6% of the volume of hydrochloric acid 2 o 2 , acid leaching at 80°C for 6 hours to dis...

Embodiment 3

[0037] (1) Preliminarily pulverize the exhausted automobile exhaust catalyst with a platinum content of 400g / t, a palladium content of 800g / t, and a rhodium content of 300g / t, and then finely grind it to a particle size of 70 microns;

[0038] (2) According to the mass ratio of automobile exhaust catalyst and flux as 1:14, add flux NaHSO to the automobile exhaust catalyst obtained in step (1) 4 , while adding NaClO by 3% of the total mass of automobile exhaust catalyst and flux 3 , and then calcined at 600°C for 4 hours after mixing;

[0039] (3) The calcined product obtained in step (2) was stirred and leached in water at room temperature for 10 minutes, and after solid-liquid separation, the filter residue was washed three times, and the filter residue was added dropwise at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:5. Hydrochloric acid with a concentration of 10mol / L, At the same time, add H at 4% by volume of hydrochloric acid 2 o 2 , acid leaching at 70°C for 1 hour to dissolve residu...

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Abstract

The invention provides a method for leaching platinum metals from a spent automobile exhaust catalyst, which comprises the following steps: preliminarily pulverizing the spent automobile exhaust catalyst, and carrying out fine grinding; adding a flux and an oxidizer A, evenly mixing, and calcining at 600-700 DEG C; and carrying out normal-temperature water dissolution agitation leaching, carrying out solid-liquid separation, washing the filter residue three times, adding hydrochloric acid and an oxidizer oxidizer B into the filter residue, carrying out acid pickling at 70-90 DEG C to dissolve residual platinum, filtering, washing, discarding the filter residue, and collecting the filtrate and washing solution, thereby obtaining a solution containing rich platinum metals Pt, Pd and Rh. The invention is simple to operate, has simple procedure, integrally simplifies the leaching process, solves the problems in the traditional wet-process leaching, and can treat the Pt-Pd-Rh ternary catalyst in a better and more efficient way. In the roasting process, the leaching rate of rhodium is up to 99.46%-100.0%, the leaching rate of palladium is up to 99.03-99.35%, and the leaching rate of platinum is up to 98.54-99.74%. The contents of platinum, palladium and rhodium in the filter residue are respectively lower than 2g / t.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for leaching platinum group metals from exhausted automobile exhaust catalysts, and belongs to the technical field of metallurgy and chemical industry. Background technique [0002] Platinum group metals (PGM) such as Pt, Pd, Rh, etc. have very good high temperature resistance and good chemical corrosion resistance, and platinum group metals also have unique chemical properties such as reduction catalysis. Now the world's annual output of platinum group metals is about 300 tons, 90% of which come from Russia and South Africa. The reserves and production of platinum group metals in my country are very small, less than 1% of the world's reserves and production. [0003] Platinum group metals are widely used in automobile exhaust catalysts and petroleum industry catalysts. However, with the prolongation of use time, the performance of the catalyst will gradually decrease and eventually fail. For my country, the output o...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B7/00C22B11/00
CPCY02P10/20
Inventor 张泽彪王仕兴陈安然彭金辉常军姚现召
Owner KUNMING UNIV OF SCI & TECH