Automatic electromagnetic nondestructive testing method and device for in-use steel rail

Abstract

The invention discloses an automatic electromagnetic nondestructive testing method and device for an in-use steel rail. The device comprises a semi-circular tubular rail frame, a slide block, arrayed eddy current probes, arrayed metal magnetic memory probes, electronically-controlled wire take-up and pay-off racks and a steel wire rope. According to the method and the device, based on the principle of electromagnetic nondestructive testing, a rail slide testing method is adopted, the slide block is fixed outside a testing face of the steel rail, a probing face of the slide block is matched with the testing face of the steel rail to be tested, arrayed electromagnetic detection probes and arrayed metal magnetic memory detection probes are fixed on the probing face of the slide block, and the slide block is electromechanically and automatically controlled to slide along the testing face of the steel rail to be tested so as to carry out testing; various defects of the surface of the steel rail to be tested can be tested by adopting differential eddy current scanning rules and absolute eddy current scanning rules in an array eddy current testing method, and meanwhile, the interference and influence caused by vibration and lift-off are eliminated; the situations of early fatigue and stress concentration of the steel rail can be evaluated by an array metal magnetic memory testing method; and the device is high in testing efficiency and testing accuracy, facilities and equipment are not required for being in operation suspension, and the in-use testing can be carried out.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to a non-destructive testing method and device, in particular to an automatic electromagnetic non-destructive testing method and device for steel rails in use. Background technique [0002] Steel rails are the core components of large-scale facilities and equipment. The pressure-bearing parts are prone to fatigue cracks during use. Regular non-destructive testing should be carried out to detect fatigue cracks in time to avoid major safety accidents caused by crack expansion and rail breakage. At present, non-destructive testing methods such as magnetic particle, penetration, and ultrasound are mostly used. These testing methods require manual testing and cannot be automated. Need to suspend operation, causing certain economic losses. Taking the detection of railway turnout rails as an example, the characteristics of turnout rails are that the cross-section width gradually narrows, and the pressure is uneven. The narrower the cros...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

At present, non-destructive testing methods such as magnetic particle, penetration, and ultrasonic are mostly used. These testing methods require manual testing and cannot be automated. Need to suspend operation, causing certain economic losses

Taking the detection of railway turnout rails as an example, the characteristics of turnout rails are that the cross-section width gradually narrows, and the pressure is uneven. The narrower the cross-section width, the greater the pressure. If it is not discovered in time, when the cross-section cracks further expand upward and exceed the tread surface, a major safety accident will occur, such as rail fracture and train derailment. Currently, magnetic particle, penetration and other detection methods are used to detect cross-section cracks on the rail tread surface. The surface of the tread surface is polished, and the detection efficiency is low. Moreover, the frequency of trains passing on the turnout rails is high. Every time the detection is carried out, it will affect the normal passage of the train on time.

Images