Low-temperature cold-start fuel cell system and use method therefor

Abstract

The invention provides a low-temperature cold-start fuel cell system. The system comprises a fuel cell system, a low-temperature cold-start heating apparatus, a fuel cell control system and a power utilization terminal. The fuel cell system is connected with the low-temperature cold-start heating apparatus, the fuel cell control system and the power utilization terminal. The fuel cell control system comprises a control board and a control power supply. The system not only can accelerate low-temperature cold start of a fuel cell but also ensures safety use of an electric pile and avoids destruction of a core component, namely, a membrane electrode of the electric pile; and meanwhile, a mode is convenient to operate and control.

Description

Technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to the field of low-temperature cold start of fuel cells. Background technique [0002] At present, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a power generation device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. Its core element membrane electrode can effectively conduct ions at -20°C, laying the foundation for low-temperature power generation by the fuel cell. However, the main product of a fuel cell is water. During and after each operation, there will be water at the cathode and anode. If the shutdown temperature is below 0°C, it will cause freezing and exchange of catalysts and protons on the membrane electrodes. The membrane is covered, which affects its start-up reaction performance. If it freezes severely, it will not react at all, and even cause irreversible damage to the membrane electrode. [0003] In order to quickly start the proton exchange membrane fuel cell in a low temp...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the main product of the fuel cell is water. During each operation and at the end of the operation, there will be water in the cathode and anode. If the shutdown temperature is below 0°C, it will cause freezing, and the catalyst and protons on the membrane electrode will exchange. The membrane is covered, which affects its starting reaction performance. If the freezing is severe, the reaction will not occur at all, and even cause irreversible damage to the membrane electrode.

[0003] In order to quickly start the proton exchange membrane fuel cell in a low temperature environment, various low temperature cold start measures have been proposed. In the patent US6764780B2, the method of running the fuel cell under anoxic loading is adopted. This method increases the temperature of the fuel cell by increasing the internal resistance of the fuel cell. , although this method is simple, it is difficult to control. It is easy to cause the problem of voltage reversal of the fuel cell, and it is easy to cause permanent burnout of the membrane electrode due to improper loading.

Patent CN201320253808.1 adopts the method of inserting a heating plate inside the fuel cell. Although this method is convenient for control, it is very easy to cause a short circuit, and this method needs to process a special installation groove for installing the membrane electrode, which may easily lead to leakage of the stack

Images