A low-temperature cold-start fuel cell system and its utilization method

A fuel cell system and fuel cell technology, applied in the direction of fuel cells, fuel cell additives, fuel cell heat exchange, etc., can solve problems such as stack leakage, inability to react, and difficulty in control

Active Publication Date: 2019-04-05
BEIJING NOWOGEN TECH CO LTD
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the main product of the fuel cell is water. During each operation and at the end of the operation, there will be water in the cathode and anode. If the shutdown temperature is below 0°C, it will cause freezing, and the catalyst and protons on the membrane electrode will exchange. The membrane is covered, which affects its starting reaction performance. If the freezing is severe, the reaction will not occur at all, and even cause irreversible damage to the membrane electrode.
[0003] In order to quickly start the proton exchange membrane fuel cell in a low temperature environment, various low temperature cold start measures have been proposed. In the patent US6764780B2, the method of running the fuel cell under anoxic loading is adopted. This method increases the temperature of the fuel cell by increasing the internal resistance of the fuel cell. , although this method is simple, it is difficult to control. It is easy to cause the problem of voltage reversal of the fuel cell, and it is easy to cause permanent burnout of the membrane electrode due to improper loading.
Patent CN201320253808.1 adopts the method of inserting a heating plate inside the fuel cell. Although this method is convenient for control, it is very easy to cause a short circuit, and this method needs to process a special installation groove for installing the membrane electrode, which may easily lead to leakage of the stack

Method used

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  • A low-temperature cold-start fuel cell system and its utilization method
  • A low-temperature cold-start fuel cell system and its utilization method
  • A low-temperature cold-start fuel cell system and its utilization method

Examples

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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0026] This embodiment is a comparative example, using the above-mentioned liquid-cooled proton exchange membrane stack fuel cell, after the last start-up, the cathode loop 7 and the anode loop 8 were purged with inert gas nitrogen to contain and a small amount of moisture. The start-up temperature is -10°C, and the normal start-up temperature is when the temperature rises to 5°C. The fuel cell adopts figure 1 connection shown. Taking electric heating as an example, 374kJ energy is required, and the stack is heated only by heating the coolant, that is, the cooling inlet pipeline 16 is heated, thereby cold starting the fuel cell. If a 600W electric heater is used, without considering energy loss and heat loss, the system needs to be heated for at least 10 minutes to reach the start-up temperature of 5°C, and then at 0.1A / cm 2 It takes about 3.5 minutes to reach 25°C when the current density is added to the load at the power end, and the fuel cell starts at -10°C, and it takes...

Embodiment 2

[0028] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned liquid-cooled stack is used, and the start-up temperature is -10°C, and the normal start-up temperature is set at 5°C, and the fuel cell adopts figure 2 connection shown. The electric heating method is used to heat the cell stack only by heating the cathode and anode gas, that is, heating the anode inlet pipeline 14 and the cathode inlet pipeline 15, thereby cold starting the fuel cell. to correspond to 0.1A / cm 2 Taking the gas flow of current density as an example, the heating power of the anode is 50W, and the heating power of the cathode is 250W. Considering the redundancy of heat dissipation and energy loss, the gas entering the system at -10 degrees is heated to 60°C, and the two heaters are uniformly controlled. When the heated air flows into the stack, at 0.1A / cm 2 Current density plus end load. At this time, the power output of the stack is about 1.5kW, and the heat output is 1.5kJ / s. The system can reach the start-up t...

Embodiment 3

[0030] In this embodiment, as a preferred example, the above-mentioned liquid-cooled stack is adopted, the start-up temperature is -10°C, and the temperature is raised to 5°C as the normal start-up temperature, and the fuel cell adopts figure 2 connection shown. Electric heating is used to heat the stack by heating the cooling liquid and the cathode and anode gases, that is, simultaneously heating the anode inlet pipeline 14, the cathode inlet pipeline 15, and the cooling inlet pipeline 16, thereby cold-starting the fuel cell. to correspond to 0.1A / cm 2 Take the gas flow rate of current density as an example, the anode heating power is 50W, the cathode heating power is 250W, and the cooling heating power is 600W. Considering the redundancy of heat dissipation and energy loss, the gas entering the system at -10 degrees is heated to 60 degrees Celsius, and the coolant is heated at the same time , three heaters are controlled separately. When the heated air flows into the stack...

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention provides a low-temperature cold-start fuel cell system, comprising a fuel cell system, a low-temperature cold-start heating device, a fuel cell control system, and an electrical terminal; It is connected with the power consumption terminal; the fuel cell control system includes a control board and a control power supply. The system of the present invention can not only accelerate the cold start of the fuel cell at low temperature, but also ensure the safe use of the electric stack, avoid damage to the membrane electrode of the core element of the electric stack, and at the same time, the method is convenient for operation and control.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to the field of low-temperature cold start of fuel cells. Background technique [0002] At present, the proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a power generation device that converts chemical energy into electrical energy. Its core component, the membrane electrode, can effectively conduct ions at -20°C, laying the foundation for low-temperature power generation of fuel cells. However, the main product of the fuel cell is water. During each operation and at the end of the operation, there will be water in the cathode and anode. If the shutdown temperature is below 0°C, it will cause freezing, and the catalyst and protons on the membrane electrode will exchange. The membrane is covered, which affects its starting reaction performance. If the freezing is severe, the reaction will not occur at all, and even cause irreversible damage to the membrane electrode. [0003] In order to quickly star...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M8/04029H01M8/04007H01M8/10
CPCH01M8/04037H01M8/04074Y02E60/50H01M8/04268H01M2008/1095
Inventor 赖平化张苹朱俊娥欧阳洵
Owner BEIJING NOWOGEN TECH CO LTD
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