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Vertical seismic profile imaging method based on equivalent offset

A vertical seismic profile and equivalent migration technology, applied in the field of vertical seismic profile imaging, can solve the problems of distortion of imaging results, small imaging range of migration results, and low number of gathers, and achieve the effect of accurate imaging

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-03-23
CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEM CORP +1
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

When the signal received by the geophone is seriously affected by noise and the underground geological structure is complex, the imaging effect of the VSP imaging method in the prior art is not ideal for low signal-to-noise ratio and complex structures
[0004] Among them, the VSP imaging method based on Kirchhoff migration imaging in the prior art is to perform equivalent offset distance migration for CMP gathers or single-shot records. Due to the low number of coverage of the gathers, the imaging range of the migration results is relatively small. Small, there is a large distortion in the imaging results of complex geological structures

Method used

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  • Vertical seismic profile imaging method based on equivalent offset
  • Vertical seismic profile imaging method based on equivalent offset
  • Vertical seismic profile imaging method based on equivalent offset

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Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0062] figure 2 It is a flow chart of the steps of the method for imaging a vertical seismic section based on the equivalent offset in this embodiment.

[0063] First, in step S201, the VCSP gather of the vertical seismic section is extracted and the RMS velocity field is obtained. Specifically, preprocessing operations such as geophone orientation processing and denoising are performed on the VSP records first, and then the uplink P-wave data records are separated from the preprocessed VSP record data. Then extract the co-scattering point gathers based on the equivalent offset VSP records from the uplink P-wave data records, and perform velocity analysis on the VCSP gathers to obtain the root mean square velocity field.

[0064] Among them, the imaging gather (VCSP gather) based on the equivalent offset VSP record has a large offset range and a high number of coverage. According to the concept of equivalent offset, the time-distance relationship of VCSP gathers is a hyperb...

Embodiment 2

[0073] This embodiment describes in detail the method of pre-stack migration performed on the VCSP gather according to the Kirschhoff integration principle in step S202 to step S205 of the first embodiment.

[0074] image 3 Shown is a flow chart of the steps of the prestack migration method in this embodiment.

[0075] First, a VCSP gather is selected in step S301. Subsequently, step S302 is executed to set the zero-offset travel time t for the track corresponding to the zero-offset in the VCSP gather. 0 . where the zero offset travel time t 0 with the depth z of the scatter point 0 It is related to the root mean square velocity at the location of the scattering point.

[0076] In step S303, each non-zero equivalent offset h in the VCSP gather is calculated according to the root mean square velocity field ei Corresponding travel time t i . First get the zero offset travel time t 0 The root mean square velocity v at the corresponding output point position rms , and t...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a vertical seismic profile imaging method based on equivalent offsets. The method includes the followings steps: extracting a VCSP trace gather of a vertical seismic profile and obtaining a root mean square velocity field, calculating a stacking trace of the VCSP trace gather according to the root mean square velocity field, conducting convolution on the stacking trace of the VCSP trace gather and a filter factor to obtain an offset imaging result of an equivalent offset in a place where the current VCSP trace gather is located, conducting transversal on all VCSP trace gathers on the vertical seismic profile, and combining all offset imaging results of equivalent offsets in places where the VCSP trace gathers are located into an imaging result of the whole seismic profile. Imaging can be achieved on the vertical seismic profile within a relatively large area, and accurate imaging effects can be obtained for regions with low signal to noise ratio and complex landforms.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of seismic exploration, in particular to a vertical seismic section imaging method based on equivalent offset. Background technique [0002] Vertical Seismic Profile (VSP) exploration technology is a seismic observation technology in wells. By setting the seismic source on the surface to excite seismic waves, installing geophones in the well to receive seismic waves, that is, observing the one-dimensional wave field in the vertical direction, and then correcting, superimposing and filtering the observation data, and finally obtaining the vertical seismic section technology. [0003] There are many imaging methods based on the VSP vertical seismic section, such as VSP-CDP imaging, Kirchhoff migration imaging, wave equation migration imaging, and reverse time migration imaging. The imaging velocities of these imaging methods are obtained by inversion of first-arrival velocities from well logging data or ground arrays. ...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G01V1/28
Inventor 陈占国陈林王跃
Owner CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEM CORP
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