Braking device of high-speed train

Abstract

The invention discloses a braking device of a high-speed train, which is provided with a water spray cooling device. The braking device at least comprises a brake disc, a brake pad, a brake pad heat radiating cavity, calipers, a water tank, a water inlet pipe, a tank bottom valve, a water outlet pipe, a high-pressure water pump, a four-way pipe, water delivery hoses, nozzles, locating rods and a driving mechanism. During train braking, the driving mechanism controls the calipers to clasp the brake disc, the tank bottom valve is opened, the high-pressure water pump is started, high-pressure water is sprayed out of the nozzles after entering the water delivery hoses through the four-way pipe, one path of high-pressure water is sprayed inwards through a ventilating duct, which is provided with heat radiating ribs, of the brake disc, the other two paths of high-pressure water are sprayed inwards through the heat radiating cavity specially designed at one side of a backing plate of the brake pad, fogdrops are instantly vaporized because of being heated when being in contact with a high-temperature metal surface, and a great deal of heat in water vapor is taken with air, so that the heat radiating effect of the braking device is far better than that of the traditional braking device only depending on air cooling, the brake disc and the brake pad can be always in a relatively low temperature, furthermore, the braking reliability and safety are ensured, meanwhile, the service life of the brake pad is prolonged, and the braking requirement of a higher-speed train can be met.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of braking of railway vehicles, and in particular relates to a braking device of a high-speed train with a water spray cooling device. Background technique [0002] Since the French high-speed rail set a world record of 574.8 kilometers per hour in 2007, countries around the world have continued to develop enthusiasm for higher-speed trains, and China is no exception. The continuous speed increase of high-speed trains puts forward higher and higher requirements for braking technology. Reliable braking is the basic requirement for driving safety. The braking methods of trains are divided into friction braking (also known as air braking) and dynamic braking according to the kinetic energy consumption mode; friction braking includes brake shoe braking (tread braking) , Disc brake, magnetic track brake; dynamic brake includes resistance brake, regenerative brake, rotating eddy current brake, track eddy current ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0009] The current air brake generally adopts disc friction braking. In the case of failure of other braking methods, disc braking is the only braking method that high-speed trains can rely on. With the increase of kinetic energy, the heat energy generated during braking also increases sharply. For example, for a train at a speed of 300km / h, the instantaneous temperature of the brake pads during braking is close to 1000°C, and the average temperature of the entire braking process is close to 500°C. The dynamic heat load not only causes thermal fatigue of the brake pads, but also easily causes thermal fatigue damage of the brake disc, which is mainly manifested in mechanical damage, tissue deterioration and oxidation corrosion under the simultaneous action of alternating temperature and alternating thermal stress. Radial cracks will occur on the friction surface of the brake disc, which will easily lead to brittle fracture of the brake disc and affect driving safety. In addition, high-temperature creep, high-temperature oxidation and frictional heat on the surface of the brake disc will cause material softening and other problems.

[0010] For the disc brake system, due to the large area of ​​the brake disc and the semi-forced ventilation rib structure, the heat dissipation is relatively easy, while the brake pad has a compact structure, a small area, no air-cooled structure, and friction. The heat is difficult to dissipate, so the working environment of the brake pads is worse than that of the brake pads. If the speed increases to 600km or higher, the instantaneous temperature of the brake pads will be much higher than 1000°C, and the average temperature will be much higher than 500°C. The problems caused will become more serious. The existing disc brake method has been difficult to meet the operating requirements of higher speed trains in terms of device material, braking energy, comfort and safety.

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