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Method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine

A salt lake brine and brine technology, applied in chemical instruments and methods, lithium compounds, alkali metal compounds, etc., can solve the problems of unfavorable actual production, low safety, low adsorption capacity, etc., and achieve easy industrialization promotion and wide source of raw materials. , the effect of simple process

Inactive Publication Date: 2017-02-22
CHENGDU UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY
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  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

For example, the researchers proposed a method of producing lithium carbonate by solar pool technology on the Zhabuye Salt Lake in Tibet (patent application number: 02129355.4). This method does not introduce any chemical reagents, the process is simple, the production cost is low, but the production cycle is long and has unique resources. properties; some researchers have also developed an adsorption method to extract lithium from salt lake brine in China (patent application number: 02145583.X), and the synthesized LiCl·2Al(OH) 3 ·nH 2 O is used as an adsorbent to adsorb lithium in brine, but this method has a low adsorption capacity for lithium, only 2-3 mg / L; some researchers also use AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O and NaOH are added to brine under certain conditions to form LiCl 2Al(OH) 3 ·nH 2 O precipitation to extract lithium, this method has high lithium precipitation rate and good selectivity, but the disadvantage is that AlCl 3 ·6H 2 O consumption is large, and when it dissolves in water, it will release a large amount of heat, which is not conducive to actual production; in addition, some researchers have invented a method for extracting lithium from brine (patent application number: 201510137960.7), which is obtained by crystallization of brine The mixed salt is mixed with aluminum powder ball mill, and reacts in water to form LiAl 2 (OH) 7 2H 2 O precipitation, the invention has simple operation, good selectivity and high efficiency, but the storage of aluminum powder is not easy and the safety is not high

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  • Method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine

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Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0020] Brine composition (g / L): Li + 0.32, Na + 52.15,K + 8.58, Cl - 68.41, SO 4 2- 6.95, CO 3 2- 11.07, B 4 o 7 2- 2.77.

[0021] Calcined kaolin at 700 °C for 1 h, weighed 10.0 g of calcined kaolin and added it to 20% hydrochloric acid to control Al 2 o 3 The molar ratio with HCl is 1:7, and the temperature is 90 ℃ in a water bath for 2.5 hours. After solid-liquid separation, the aluminum content in the obtained filtrate is 0.97mol / L;

[0022] Add the aluminum-containing filtrate and 2 mol / L NaOH solution to 200 ml of brine, control the molar ratio of aluminum in the filtrate to lithium in the brine to be 3.5, and the molar ratio of sodium in the NaOH solution to aluminum in the filtrate to be 2.7. After reacting at 55 °C for 1 h, solid-liquid separation was performed again to obtain a lithium-containing precipitate, and the lithium precipitation rate was 52.42%.

Embodiment 2

[0024] Brine composition (g / L): Li + 0.66, Mg 2+ 20.76, K + 0.95, Cl - 49.95, SO 4 2- 5.12, B 4 o 7 2- 1.57.

[0025] Kaolin was calcined at 700 °C for 1 h, and 10.0 g of calcined kaolin was weighed and added to 20% hydrochloric acid to control Al 2 o 3 The molar ratio with HCl is 1:6, and the temperature is 95 ℃ in a water bath for 2.5 h. After solid-liquid separation, the aluminum content in the obtained filtrate is 0.97mol / L;

[0026] Add the aluminum-containing filtrate and 2 mol / L NaOH solution to 200 ml brine, control the molar ratio of aluminum in the filtrate to lithium in the brine to be 3.5, and the molar ratio of sodium in the NaOH solution to aluminum in the filtrate is 2.8, and the temperature is After reacting at 65 °C for 1 h, solid-liquid separation was performed again to obtain a lithium-containing precipitate, and the lithium precipitation rate was 85.36%.

Embodiment 3

[0028] Brine composition (g / L): Li + 0.94, Mg 2+ 21.72, Ca 2+ 44.62,K + ,2.87, Cl - 155.15, B 4 o 7 2- 6.29.

[0029] Calcined kaolin at 750 °C for 2 h, weighed 10.0 g of calcined kaolin and added it to 20% hydrochloric acid to control Al 2 o 3 The molar ratio with HCl is 1:6, and the temperature is 95 ℃ in a water bath for 2.5 hours. After solid-liquid separation, the aluminum content in the obtained filtrate is 0.94mol / L;

[0030] Add the aluminum-containing filtrate and 2 mol / L NaOH solution to 200 ml brine, control the molar ratio of aluminum in the filtrate to lithium in the brine to be 3.0, and the molar ratio of sodium in the NaOH solution to aluminum in the filtrate is 2.9. After reacting at 55 °C for 1 h, solid-liquid separation was performed again to obtain a lithium-containing precipitate, and the lithium precipitation rate was 89.6%.

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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine. Firstly, kaolin is calcined, activated and subjected to an acid leaching reaction with hydrochloric acid for dissolution of aluminum, after solid-liquid separation, an aluminum-containing filtrate and an NaOH solution are added to salt lake brine to react, after the reaction, solid-liquid separation is performed again, a lithium-containing precipitate is obtained, and other ingredients are reserved in the solution. The method has a short technological process and is simple to operate and good in lithium selectivity.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of hydrometallurgy, and in particular relates to a method for extracting lithium from salt lake brine. Background technique [0002] Lithium, as an "important element that drives the world forward", is widely used in modern industrial production and has a large market demand, which makes the development of lithium resources particularly important. Lithium resources in nature mainly exist in two forms: solid ore (such as spodumene, lithium petalite, lepidolite, etc.) and liquid ore (such as salt lake brine, underground brine), among which, the salt lake brine lithium in liquid ore Resource reserves account for more than 80% of the total lithium resource reserves. [0003] my country's salt lake brines are rich in lithium resources, mainly distributed in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau region. The reserves of lithium resources in these salt lakes exceed 6 million tons. However, due to the late start of research on lithium e...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C01D15/00
CPCC01D15/00C01P2006/80
Inventor 邓昭平李霞李晶
Owner CHENGDU UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY