Organic working medium absorption type power generation method and system driven by low-temperature heat source

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic working medium absorption type power generation method and system driven by a low-temperature heat source. The organic working medium absorption type power generation method driven by the low-temperature heat source comprises the following steps that (1) organic working media are heated into a saturated solution, the saturated solution is led into a first vortex tube, and a gas-liquid two-phase mixture is generated after the first vortex tube expands for depressurization; (2) first superheated steam flowing out of the first vortex tube and first saturated steam are mixed and enter a first expansion machine to expand for acting; and (3) a second solution flowing out of a second vortex tube flows through a regenerative evaporator to release heat under the gravity effect and then enters an absorber, and the first expansion machine and a second expansion machine act to drive a power generator connected with the first expansion machine and the second expansion machine to operate to generate power through couplings. According to the organic working medium absorption type power generation method and system driven by the low-temperature heat source, two-stage separation is conducted on the high-pressure saturated concentrated solution, and generated refrigerant steam is used for expansion acting for power generation; and meanwhile, the pressure in the absorption process of the system is regulated through a circulating pump, and the heat load of a condenser is reduced, so that the heat efficiency of the power generation system is improved, and high technical economical efficiency is achieved.

Description

[0001] Technical field: [0002] The invention belongs to the technical field of low-grade heat energy utilization, and in particular relates to an organic working fluid absorption power generation method driven by a low-temperature heat source and a system thereof. [0003] Background technique: [0004] Absorption power generation technology is an effective way to utilize low-grade heat energy. At present, most of the absorption power generation systems use NH 3 / H 2 O solution is the working medium, such as Kalina (Kalina) cycle system (a thermodynamic cycle proposed by A. Kalina (Alexander Kalina) in 1989 with a non-azeotropic mixture of water and ammonia as the working medium), in In the waste heat boiler type gas-steam combined cycle, using it to replace the Rankine cycle with water as the working fluid can improve the unit power and power supply efficiency of the combined cycle. However, the shortcomings of the Kalina circulatory system are quite obvious: NH 3 Toxic ...

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Problems solved by technology

However, the shortcomings of the Kalina circulatory system are quite obvious: NH 3 Toxic and easy to cause harm to the human body; the operating pressure of the system is high, resulting in huge system equipment, and the NH 3 Easy to leak, once the NH in the air 3 When the content is between 15% and 28% vol, it will explode in case of an open flame, which is not conducive to safe operation; NH 3 / H 2 O The absorption power generation system has relatively high requirements on the temperature of the driving heat source, which is not conducive to the development and utilization of low-grade energy

In addition, the existing absorption power generation system usually uses a refrigerant-poor solution (hereinafter referred to as "dilute solution", and the corresponding refrigerant-rich solution is referred to as "concentrated solution") on the low pressure (condensing pressure) side to absorb the exhaust gas of the expander, such as Invention patent ZL200910193870.4, the sensible heat of the dilute solution and the heat generated during the absorption process are taken away by the cooling medium, resulting in a certain amount of energy waste, resulting in low thermal efficiency of the system, and the conventional absorption system must be equipped with a throttling device in order to balance the pressure. This also increases the irreversible losses of the power generation system

On the other hand, the generator outlet of the conventional absorption power generation system is a gas-liquid two-phase flow state, and the operation control is more complicated.

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