Shell-and-tube reactor and methanol synthesizing technology

Abstract

The invention discloses a shell-and-tube reactor and a methanol synthesizing technology. The shell-and-tube reactor comprises a shell, wherein an unreacted gas inlet adapter and a reacted gas outlet adapter are arranged at an upper end enclosure of the shell; an upper tube plate, a lower tube plate and a radial catalyst bed are arranged inside the shell; a plurality of catalyst tubes are mounted on the lower tube plate; inner sleeves are mounted inside the catalyst tubes; the two ends of the inner sleeves are open, the upper ends of the inner sleeves are fixed to the upper tube plate, and thelower ends of the inner sleeves are inserted into the catalyst tubes; the lower ends of the catalyst tubes are closed; the upper ends of the catalyst tubes are open and are communicated with the radial catalyst bed; a gas collecting tube is arranged at the center of the radial catalyst bed; the gas collecting tube is communicated with the reacted gas outlet adapter; a vapor ascending pipe interface and a vapor descending pipe interface are formed in the shell. The shell-and-tube reactor avoids deactivation of a catalyst, and reduces the flow resistance of a reaction gas, so that the operatingenergy consumption is lowered.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a shell-and-tube reactor and a methanol synthesis process, which belongs to the technical field of chemical industry, and is especially suitable for use in a methanol synthesis reactor in methanol synthesis production, that is, a methanol tower and an inner process of methanol synthesis reaction. Background technique [0002] The methanol synthesis reaction is a strong exothermic reversible reaction, the main reaction formula is as follows: [0003] [0004] ΔH R1 =-76519.5-49.2909T-0.29303×10 -1 T 2 +0.170052×10 -3 T 3 -0.191925×10 -6 T 4 +0.79347×10 -10 T 5 (J / mol) [0005] ΔH R2 =-37858.2-22.666T-0.11831T 2 +0.2861136×10 -3 T 3 -0.275945×10 -6 T 4 +0.1063241×10 -9 T 5 (J / mol) [0006] The methanol synthesis reaction is a complex and reversible chemical reaction carried out on a catalyst, and the methanol synthesis reaction can hardly be carried out without a catalyst. For different catalysts, the operat...

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Problems solved by technology

[0011] The disadvantage of the above-mentioned shell-and-tube methanol reactor is that the tubes cannot expand and contract freely when heated, and the tubes must be expensive duplex stainless steel

Even so, every one to two years, the weld between the tube sheet and the shell is still prone to cracks and needs to be shut down for maintenance. The upper heat insulation layer is the initial rapid reaction high temperature area, which leads to the first aging and deactivation of the catalyst. The center of the catalyst tube is away from the outside of the tube. Far away, the relative temperature is high, and it is easy to age and deactivate

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