Self-heating device and self-heating method for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a self-heating device for proton exchange membrane fuel cells and a self-heating method of the self-heating device. The self-heating device comprises a plurality of the protonexchange membrane fuel cells and a plurality of bipolar plates. Every two adjacent fuel cells are connected through one bipolar plate. Each fuel cell sequentially comprises a positive electrode, an electrolyte and a negative electrode from top to bottom. When the temperatures of the fuel cells are lower than their optimal temperatures, storage batteries drive thermobatteries to heat the cells; when the temperatures are higher than the optimal temperatures of the fuel cells, the thermobatteries absorb heat, power is generated based on temperature differences while the cell temperatures are reduced, and the generated power is stored in the storage batteries; self-heating functions of the fuel cells are realized, external energy input is not needed, and energy conservation and environment protection are realized.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to fuel cell technology, and in particular relates to a self-heating device and a self-heating method of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Background technique [0002] Proton exchange membrane fuel cell is a low-temperature fuel cell with high energy conversion rate, clean and pollution-free, quiet, etc. It is widely used in many fields such as new energy vehicles, portable power supplies, fixed power stations, and aviation power generation. Proton exchange membrane fuel cells generate electricity through the electrochemical reaction of hydrogen and oxygen, and the product is only liquid water. When the ambient temperature is lower than zero, the liquid water generated by the proton exchange membrane fuel cell will freeze into ice, and then the electrochemical reaction between hydrogen and oxygen will be terminated, resulting in the failure of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell to generate electricity. Since the optimal ...

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Problems solved by technology

The existing auxiliary heating equipment has the problems of long heating time, low heating efficiency, and large heat loss during the heating process, which leads to large energy consumption.

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