High-power long-life plasma torch based on permanent magnet constraint

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-power long-life plasma torch based on permanent magnet constraint, comprising a cooling structure, a gas distributor, an integrated electrode, a permanent magnet lens and a plasma torch shell; the integrated electrode, the permanent magnet lens and the plasma torch shell are sequentially sleeved from inside to outside; the gas distributor is arranged at the head part of the plasma torch shell, and the external ionized medium gas generates spiral airflow after passing through the gas distributor; an arc is generated between the anode and the cathode of the integrated electrode, and the arc breaks down the spiral airflow to form an arc plasma jet. The plasma torch in the invention has the advantages of being high in temperature, high in enthalpy, centralized in energy height, high in energy conversion efficiency and long in service life, can generate a high-temperature environment, and is widely applied to fields of preparation and treatment of spaceflight, aviation, metallurgy, spray coating, high-temperature-resistant ceramic materials, nano-material preparation, material surface treatment, fuel conversion and combustion-supporting, harmful garbage treatment and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a high-power and long-life plasma torch based on permanent magnet confinement, in particular to a plasma torch with the characteristics of high temperature, high enthalpy, high energy concentration, high energy conversion efficiency and long working life. Background technique [0002] At present, the main factors affecting the engineering application, working life and maintenance cost of high-power plasma torches are short working life, poor energy conversion efficiency and poor site adaptability, while the core issue restricting energy conversion efficiency, electrode life and working reliability is the plasma Magnetic field design, power and magnetic field matching, structural design, and cooling protection of the torch. Existing plasma torches generally have no magnetic field constraints, or the magnetic field is complex, or the matching between power and magnetic field is poor, resulting in complex system structure, paramet...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0002] At present, the main factors affecting the engineering application, working life and maintenance cost of high-power plasma torches are short working life, poor energy conversion efficiency and poor site adaptability, while the core issue restricting energy conversion efficiency, electrode life and working reliability is the plasma Magnetic field design, power and magnetic field matching, structural design, and cooling protection of the torch

Existing plasma torches generally have no magnetic field constraints, or the magnetic field is complex, or the matching between power and magnetic field is poor, resulting in complex system structure, parameter matching cannot be guaranteed, and short electrode life (taking air as the working medium as an example, generally only 100 hours ) and low energy conversion efficiency (generally 60%), high maintenance costs

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