213results about How to "Long electrode life" patented technology

Device for generating a plasma discharge for patterning the surface of a substrate, comprising a first electrode having a first discharge portion and a second electrode having a second discharge portion, a high voltage source for generating a high voltage difference between the first and the second electrode, and positioning means for positioning the first electrode with respect to the substrate, wherein the positioning means are arranged for selectively positioning the first electrode with respect to the second electrode in a first position in which a distance between the first discharge portion and the second discharge portion is sufficiently small to support the plasma discharge at the high voltage difference, and in a second position in which the distance between the first discharge portion and the second discharge portion is sufficiently large to prevent plasma discharge at the high voltage difference.

A welding process for non-stainless steel workpieces using GTAW equipment and hydrogen containing shield gas on a first root pass is improved by using a shield gas delivery system comprising hoses or conduits made of elastomeric material having a moisture permeability coefficient of less that 275, preferably less than 100, and using a tungsten electrode composition comprising at least tungsten and lanthanum oxide, and preferably tungsten, lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide and zirconium oxide. Preventing moisture permeation through the elastomeric hoses delivering hydrogen containing shield gas eliminates expulsion of fused weld metal during second pass filler welding over the root pass weld. Electrode life is enhanced using the tungsten compounds.

A welding process for non-stainless steel workpieces using GTAW equipment and hydrogen containing shield gas on a first root pass is improved by using a shield gas delivery system comprising hoses or conduits made of elastomeric material having a moisture permeability coefficient of less that 275, preferably less than 100, and using a tungsten electrode composition comprising at least tungsten and lanthanum oxide, and preferably tungsten, lanthanum oxide, yttrium oxide and zirconium oxide. Preventing moisture permeation through the elastomeric hoses delivering hydrogen containing shield gas eliminates expulsion of fused weld metal during second pass filler welding over the root pass weld. Electrode life is enhanced using the tungsten compounds.

A needle electrode deployment shaft includes a central member and a plurality of needle electrodes. The central member has a plurality of needle advancement channels formed therein. The needle electrodes are disposed within the advancement channels and each advancement channel terminates in a ramp portion which deflects the needles radially outwardly as they are axially advanced. The ramps may be spirally or acutely configured in order to increase the distance through which the needles may be bent as they are axially advanced. Additionally, the central member may have a radially reduced distal tip in order to decrease tissue insertion forces.

Disclosed are biomedical stimulators and systems that deliver stimulus power efficiently to electrodes and tissues, provide reliable control of stimulus efficacy over a wide dynamic range of available power and voltage, avoid damaging net direct current flow through tissue, minimize the amount of data that must be transmitted to specify a particular stimulus strength, and extend the range of received field strengths for which stimulators can function safely and reliably. These biomedical stimulators and systems provide reliable stimulation of known intensity by measuring charging currents and discharging predetermined quantities of charge.

A needle electrode deployment shaft includes a central member and a plurality of needle electrodes. The central member has a plurality of needle advancement channels formed therein. The needle electrodes are disposed within the advancement channels and each advancement channel terminates in a ramp portion which deflects the needles radially outwardly as they are axially advanced. The ramps may be spirally or acutely configured in order to increase the distance through which the needles may be bent as they are axially advanced. Additionally, the central member may have a radially reduced distal tip in order to decrease tissue insertion forces.

The invention relates to a novel titanium substrate lead dioxide electrode and a preparation method thereof, which belong to the field of water treatment technology application. The titanium substrate lead dioxide electrode adopts titanium material as a carrier; after the titanium substrate undergoes acid etching, pyrolytic process is adopted to plate a tin-stibium oxide bottom layer; alkaline solution is then used for electroplating an alpha-PbO2 intermediate layer; acidic composite electroplating solution is used for preparing a fluorine-containing beta-PbO2 surface layer doped with an active metal (such as bismuth, nickel, lanthanum, cerium and erbium) and a particle with high absorption performance (such as powdered activated carbon and chitosan), thus obtaining a novel titanium substrate lead dioxide electrode. The titanium substrate lead dioxide electrode prepared by the method has low cost and long service life. Using the electrode as an anode and applying certain applied voltage can realize efficient removal and mineralization to the organic contaminants in the water. With simple operation and convenient management, the method is applicable to small-scale and dispersible wastewater and feed water treatment.

The present invention provides an electrode for electrolysis including: a conductive substrate; and a conductive diamond formed on a surface of the conductive substrate, the conductive substrate having at least one surface shape selected from the group consisting of: (a) a surface shape of a combination of an Ra of 100-1,000-μm and an RSm of 50-10,000 μm; (b) a surface shape of a combination of an Ra of 2.5-100 μm and an RSm of 1.5-800 μm, and (c) a surface shape of a combination of an Ra of 0.01-2 μm and an RSm of 0.005-250 μm, and a process for producing the electrode.

The invention discloses an intelligent sensor for the electrical conductivity of water quality. The sensor comprises a temperature-conductivity probe used for sensing the temperature and the electrical conductivity of the water; a signal conditioning module which is connected with the temperature-conductivity probe, forms a sensing circuit with the temperature-conductivity probe and carries out filtering and amplification to an output signal; a microprocessor which is connected with the signal conditioning module, is used for digitizing the signal input by the signal conditioning module and adopts IEEE1451 standards to carry out the calibration and alignment of channels; a bus interface module which is connected with the microprocessor and is used for the functions of networking and plugging and playing; and a power module which supplies power to the circuits of all parts of the sensor under the control of the microprocessor and realizes the characteristic of low power consumption. The invention can eliminate the polarization effect of the probe, has pollution resistance, large measuring range and low price, and is characterized by the functions of self alignment and compensation, self diagnosis and plugging and playing and high integrity.

The invention provides a method for performing spot welding on an Al-Zn hot-coated steel plate. In the method, a foil belt is arranged between a copper electrode and an Al-Zn hot-coated steel plate workpiece; a step type large-contact planar electrode is adopted, a two-section welding current mode is adopted; and the two-section welding current adopts a constant current control mode, so that the foil belt is not adhered to the workpiece and the electrode and each welding spot has fine appearance and stable quality. The copper electrode is only contacted with a non-tinplated surface of the foil plate, so the method solves the problem that the electrode is alloyed by a zinc aluminium coating fundamentally, prolongs the service life and improves the welding spot quality of a spot-welding electrode of the zinc aluminium plated steel plate, prolongs the service life of the electrode and has favorable popularization and application prospects.

The invention discloses internal recycle multi-dimensional electro-catalytic wastewater treating equipment, which is characterized in that the wastewater treating equipment is provided with a cylindrical device which is internally provided with an inflow water distribution pipe, an aerator pipe, an electrode reaction region, a rectifying region, a water outlet region and a scum collecting region from bottom to top. The wastewater treating equipment of the invention integrates the electro-catalytic oxidation and air floating functions into a whole with good treating effect, low energy consumption and long electrode life.

The invention discloses a concrete crack detector with a reinforcing bar as an electrode. A reinforcing bar emission electrode and a reinforcing bar receiving electrode are embedded in concrete, wherein the emission electrode is connected with an emission circuit through an emission cable; a signal transmitted by the emission circuit is sent out from the concrete through the emission electrode; the receiving electrode is connected with a receiving circuit through a receiving cable; and the receiving circuit is used for amplifying and filtering a signal received by the receiving electrode. An output signal of the emission circuit is connected to a control and computation module through an emission communication control interface, and two-way communication control is performed between the control and computation module and the emission circuit. An output signal of the receiving circuit is connected to the control and computation module through a receiving communication control interface, and two-way communication control is performed between the control and computation module and the receiving circuit. As the reinforcing bar is used as the electrode, the original construction features and stress features of the concrete do not change, a construction process and a construction method have no need to change, and the electrode and the concrete structure have the same service life. The concrete crack detector with the reinforcing bar as the electrode has the advantages of simplicity in design, convenience for construction, low cost and long service life.

A gas distributor for use in a plasma arc torch is provided that has at least one plasma gas passageway formed conjointly with a metering passageway, and at least one helical gas passageway formed along an interior portion of the gas distributor, wherein the helical gas passageway is in fluid communication with the plasma gas passageway and the metering passageway. The combination of the metering passageway and the helical gas passageway provides for a metered flow rate and a controlled swirling flow of plasma gas within the plasma arc chamber, respectively, which functions to reduce the amount of molten emissive insert that is ejected from within an electrode at arc shut off, thereby resulting in an increased life of the consumable electrode.

An apparatus for electrochemical treatment of contaminated water or wastewater comprises a container or tank having an inlet and an outlet and a feed pump for the water to be treated, connected to the inlet for supplying the water through the inlet to the container or tank. Parallel pairs of electrode plates are situated in vertical position in the container or tank and form parallel vertical passages therebetween for the water to be treated. In the pairs of electrode plate at least one electrode plate comprises holes connected to a feed pump for an auxiliary medium. Said pairs of electrode plates are positioned between the inlet and outlet in the container or tank such that in at least part of the flow route between the inlet and outlet the water passes upwards in the vertical passages. The feed pump for the water to be treated and / or the feed pump for the auxiliary medium is a pulsating feed pump.

An anode for a nonaqueous secondary battery comprising a current collector having formed thereon a first covering layer containing tin, a tin alloy, aluminum or an aluminum alloy and a second covering layer containing a metal having low capability of forming a lithium compound in that order. The anode may have an additional first covering layer formed on the second covering layer. A covering layer containing a copper etc. may be formed as an uppermost layer. Each layer can be formed by heat treating to get desired property. As heat treatment can be done in a short time, it has a great cost merit.

Provided is a tungsten electrode material which uses a material to replace thorium oxide so as to improve the electrode service life as compared to the conventional technique. The tungsten electrode material has a tungsten base and oxide particles dispersed in the tungsten base. The oxide particles are prepared as an oxide solid solution containing in a solid solved state: a Zr oxide and / or a Hf oxide and an oxide of at least one rare earth selected from a group consisting of Sc, Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu.

Provided by the invention is an arc plasma torch having an arc channel with an abnormal diameter. The arc plasma torch comprises an anode, a cathode, and an annular gas whirlcone. The anode is a circular tube with an abnormal inner bore diameter; the cathode is arranged in the inner bore of the anode circular tube; the gas whirlcone is arranged between the cathod front end and the anode; and the gas whirlcone, the cathode, and the inner bore of the anode circular tube are arranged coaxially. One end, provided with the cathode, of the anode circular tube serves as a gas inflow end and the other end serves as a gas outflow end; the anode circular tube is successively divided into a gas lead-in segment, a straight tube segment or reducing segment, a contraction segment, a groove segment and a nozzle segment; inner bores of the straight tube segment or reducing segment, the contraction segment, the groove segment and the nozzle segment of the anode circular tube forms an anode arc channel. And a tangential air flow channel is arranged at an annular wall of the gas whirlcone and is used for guiding gas into the inner bore of the gas whirlcone to generate an eddy air flow. According to the invention, the provided an arc plasma torch with the simple structure enables the arc power, the electrode life, and the energy utilization rate to be substantially improved.

A composite resistance spot welding electrode is disclosed which comprises a co-axial annular neck ring, a co-axial insert, a co-axial annular sleeve, or combinations there of. The electrode provides improved nugget formation and longer electrode life.

The invention relates to a method for prolonging the service life of a resistance spot welding electrode of a galvanized thin steel plate; when the galvanized thin steel plate is connected by resistance spot welding, an upper layer Cu-Ni alloy process gasket is inserted between a top electrode and an upper layer galvanized steel plate to be welded, and a lower layer Cu-Ni alloy process gasket is inserted between a lower electrode and a lower layer galvanized steel plate to be welded; each Cu-Ni alloy process gasket comprises the following components by mass percent: 40-45% of Ni, 1-1.5% of Mn and the balance of Cu, and respectively has the resistivity within the range of 0.45-0.51 and the thickness within the range of 0.05-0.2mm. The method can effectively reduce the temperature of the end surface of the electrode, and reduces the abrasion of the electrode, thus prolonging the service life of the electrode; the Cu-Ni alloy process gaskets hardly have alloying reaction with electrode material, so that the abrasion is further reduced; the formation and growth of spot welding nugget can be promoted by the self resistance heat of the Cu-Ni alloy process gaskets, so that the quality of a spot-welded joint can be improved, and the current needed by welding is reduced, and the energy consumption is lowered.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a load-typed nanometer Pt (Pt-M) / carrier catalyst, which comprises that a carrier is uniformly dispersed in a chloroplatinic acid solution to obtain an electrolyte which is then infused to a ultrasound-imposed double-platinum-electrode electrolysis bath for electrodeposition, so as to obtain a catalyst suspension of a nanometer Pt (Pt-M) catalyst which is uniformly loaded on the carrier and then separated to obtain the load-typed nanometer Pt (Pt-M) / carrier catalyst. The preparation method loads the nanometer Pt (Pt-M) on the carrier directly, thus avoiding the defects of high-temperature reduction or use of reducers for preparation of other methods; the preparation method does not require to conduct separate activation or modification treatment to the carrier and has the advantages of simple process and catalyst with adjustable size, low cost and no environmental pollution, thus being a universal method easy for industrialized massive production. By determining with cyclic volt-ampere curves, in terms of performance, 40 percent load-typed nanometer Pt / C catalyst prepared by the invention is superior to similar products produced by the worldwide advanced Johnson Matthey Company.

The invention provides a membrane electrode of a long-life fuel cell with a porous adsorption layer and a preparation method thereof. The membrane electrode is characterized in that a porous siliceous adsorption layer is additionally arranged between a catalyst layer and a proton exchange membrane and is used for multi-layer adsorption (e.g. surface adsorption, shallow adsorption and deep absorption) or interception of metal particles or ions moving or diffusing into the membrane so as to block the metal particles or ions against movement towards the membrane side or into the membrane, thereby prolonging the service life of the membrane electrode of the fuel cell. The porous siliceous adsorption layer is prepared with a porous siliceous material paligorskite-sepiolite mineral fiber, zeolite molecular sieve, montmorillonite, diatomaceous earth or silica gel and Nafion proton exchange resin. The preparation method of the porous siliceous adsorption layer comprises the following steps: preparation of the slurry of the porous material, preparation of the porous adsorption layer, pretreatment of the gas diffusion layer, preparation of the electrode of the gas diffusion layer, preparation of the chip of the fuel cell and preparation of the membrane electrode.

A PbO2 electrode with long service life and high catalytic activity is prepared with SnO2-Sb2O3 as a base layer, alpha-PbO2 as a medium layer, and beta-PbO2 as a surface active layer. The PbO2 in theinvention is compact and uniform and has small particles and large specific surface area; meanwhile, the surface active layer has excellent adhesion force and is not liable to fall off; the surface ofthe PbO2 electrode is smooth and firm and is anti-acid / alkali-corrosion, has high catalytic activity and long service life. In addition, a preparation method is simple in conditions and low in cost;the product has stable performance and is suitable for industrial production, can be widely applied to the field of sewage treatment with electrically catalytic oxidization, and has extensive market prospect.

The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for graphically producing nano structures by way of electrode induction and microwave curing. The apparatus comprises a molding system, a molding material, a substrate, a nano structure induction system and a microwave curing system. The method for producing nano structures based on the apparatus includes the following steps: (1) the fabrication of the molding system; (2) the preprocessing of the substrate; (3) the coating of the molding material; (4) the positioning of the molding system; (5) the inductive production of a nano structure; (6)the microwave curing of the nano structure; and (7) demolding. The invention is characterized by simple structure, low cost, high productivity, long electrode service life, high pattern precision andthe like, and can efficiently produce nano structures less than 100 nanometers at low cost.

The invention discloses an apparatus for the oxidization treatment of a benzene-containing exhaust gas through the coupling of particle swarm electrode adsorption with electro-catalysis. The apparatus comprises a cylinder and an electrolytic reactor; a gas inlet and a gas outlet are arranged at two ends of the cylinder respectively; the electrolytic reactor is arranged in the cylinder; the electrolytic reactor comprises a plurality of unit reactors; each of the unit reactors comprises a positive-electrode conductive plate and a negative-electrode conductive plate which are arranged in parallel; and particle swarm electrodes are filled between the positive-electrode conductive plate and the negative-electrode conductive plate. The apparatus can effectively improve the treatment effect of the benzene organic pollutant-containing exhaust gas, allows the organic waste to be instantly degraded after absorbed by the surfaces of the particle swarm electrodes, realizes the integration of the adsorption and degradation of the organic exhaust gas, has a high treatment efficiency and has no secondary pollution. The apparatus has the advantages of small size, low equipment cost, simple operation, low running and using cost, realization of the equipment with a proper amount of the unit reactors according to the exhaust gas amount and the treatment requirements, economy and high efficiency.

The invention relates to a preparing system of sodium hypochlorite, which comprises an electrolytic cell, an anode, a cathode, a saline water cycling injection box, a reaction chamber, a cation film and a water inlet tank, wherein the electrolytic cell is divided into an anode chamber and a cathode chamber through the anode and the cathode; the cation film is arranged between the anode and the cathode; a saline water outlet and a saline water inlet are respectively arranged on the upper end and the lower end of the cathode chamber; and the upper end of the cathode chamber is provided with a water outlet, and the lower end of the cathode chamber is provided with a water inlet. The saline water cycling injection box is connected with the saline water inlet through a metering pump and a pipeline, the saline water outlet is connected with the saline water cycling injection box thorough a pipeline, and chlorine generated by the anode chamber is led into the reaction chamber through a pipeline; and the water inlet tank is connected with the water inlet through a water inlet pump and a pipeline, hydrogen generated by the cathode chamber is discharged through a pipeline, and the water outlet is connected with the reaction chamber through a pipeline. The invention also relates to a method for preparing the sodium hypochlorite through the system. The system and the method have the advantages of low operating cost, high concentration of generated available chlorine, long service life of electrodes, no pollution, and the like.

The invention discloses a protection method of a lithium metal electrode. By use of a simple alloyage method, antimony trifluoride is utilized to form an artificial protective film on the surface of alithium cathode, so that polarization of the lithium cathode can be effectively lowered, and generation of dendritic crystals can be suppressed. According to the method, antimony trifluoride and lithium are mainly utilized for a reaction to generate the dense artificial protective film, wherein antimony trifluoride is dissolved in propylene carbonate to prepare a uniform solution first, pretreatment is performed on the surface of a lithium wafer to remove oxidized lithium on the surface, the lithium wafer is cut into a round wafer, the round wafer is immersed in the antimony trifluoride solution for a reaction to obtain a treated lithium electrode, and finally a symmetric battery is obtained through assembling. Through a low-concentration long-time reaction, a dense alloy layer can be generated on the surface of lithium metal. Through the method, the polarization of the lithium metal cathode is fully lowered, circulation stability is good, generation of lithium dendritic crystals is effectively suppressed, and the stable lithium metal cathode is obtained; and when the lithium metal cathode is applied to a lithium battery, the circulation performance and safety performance of the lithium battery can be improved, and potential commercial application value is obtained.

The invention discloses an electrocatalytic particle electrode material for treating high-concentration organic wastewater and a preparation process thereof. The process comprises the steps of adding AgNO3 into isopropanol so as to obtain a solution A, adding treated Al2O3 into the solution A, filtering to obtain particles B and a microemulsion X, and washing by using ethanol so as to obtain particles D; adding the particles D into the X, and filtering to obtain particles F; preparing solutions B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, C, D, E and F from Ce(NO3) 2, MnCl2 and SnCl4; treating the particles F by sequentially using the solutions B1, B2, B3, B4 and B5, so as to obtain particles I; adding the particles I into the solution C, filtering, then, washing by using ethanol, and drying, so as to obtain particles K; adding the particles K into the solution D, filtering, then, washing by using ethanol, and drying, so as to obtain particles M; adding the particles M into the solution E, filtering, then, washing by using ethanol, and drying, so as to obtain particles O; adding the particles O into the solution F, filtering, then, washing by using ethanol, drying, and roasting for 4 hours at the temperature of 500 DEG C, thereby obtaining the electrocatalytic particle electrode material for treating the high-concentration organic wastewater.

The present invention relates to a manufacturing apparatus for deposition of a material on a carrier body and an electrode for use with the manufacturing apparatus. Typically, the carrier body has a first end and a second end spaced from each other. A socket is disposed at each of the end of the carrier body. The apparatus includes a housing that defines a chamber. At least one electrode is disposed through the housing for receiving the socket. The electrode includes an interior surface that defines a channel. The electrode heats the carrier body to a necessary deposition temperature by direct passage of electrical current to the carrier body. A coolant is in fluid communication with the channel of the electrode for reducing the temperature of the electrode. A channel coating is disposed in the interior surface of the electrode for preventing loss of heat transfer between the coolant and the interior surface.