Composite drain board and design method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a composite drain board and a design method, in particular to a composite drain board used in a tunnel and a design method thereof. The composite drain board comprises a surface layer and a base layer, wherein the surface layer comprises a surface layer body and a plurality of convex bodies arranged on the surface layer body, the convex bodies are distributed in a matrix mode, the surfaces of the convex bodies are rough surfaces, the base layer is connected with the surface layer body, the base layer is made from flame-retardant elastomer, and the surface layer is madefrom waterproof materials. The composite drain board has the beneficial effects that (1) drain capability is high, the water pressure outside a deep-buried tunnel is effectively reduced, and the reduction of cost is facilitated; (2) a drain channel is large, water is drained in a facet shape, and the blocking risk under the condition of long-time operation is lowered; (3) the occupied space is small, tunnel construction space is guaranteed, the excavation section size of the tunnel is reduced, and the structural economy of the tunnel is benefited; (4) sticking and fixing are convenient, and the construction pavement difficulty is less; (5) construction safety is high; and (6) structural deformation of the tunnel is coordinated, and stress state of the inside liner and outer liner of the tunnel is not influenced.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a drainage board and a design method thereof, in particular to a composite drainage board used in a tunnel and a design method thereof. Background technique [0002] Tunnels, especially deep tunnels, are characterized by high external water pressure. In the absence of drainage engineering measures, the lining structure of the tunnel cannot withstand high external water pressure. In order to reduce the external water pressure, drainage structures such as drainage pipes, drainage grilles, and drainage boards are usually used. [0003] When using drainage pipes to reduce the external water pressure, in order to meet the drainage capacity of the drainage pipes, the diameter of the drainage pipes is usually required to be large, thus occupying a large construction space. In order to ensure the tunnel construction space and the permanent section size of the tunnel, the section of the tunnel excavation is larger Large, the economy o...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This kind of drainage structure has the following disadvantages: (1) In order to meet the drainage capacity of the drainage pipe, the diameter of the drainage pipe is usually required to be relatively large, thus occupying a large construction space and causing considerable difficulties for the construction of tunnel lining steel pipes. The surplus of construction space and the guarantee of the permanent section size of the tunnel will lead to a larger excavation section of the tunnel and a decrease in the economic efficiency of the tunnel structure; (2) the drainage pipe is a linear drainage structure, and the tunnel runs for many years, and the risk of blockage is high; (3) for To meet the requirement that the inner lining and the outer lining of the tunnel be subjected to separate forces, another foam board is required as a separate elastic isolation layer; (4) The foam board is a combustible material, and it is easy to cause fire and other dangers when the inner lining steel pipe is welded

This drainage structure has the following disadvantages: (1) The drainage channel of the drainage grid is small, and the drainage capacity is relatively poor; (2) The PE film is easily pierced during the construction and paving process; (3) In order to prevent long-term operation from clogging, The inner and outer sides of the drainage grille need to be equipped with geotextiles for filtering, which are composed of multi-layer structures, and the paving construction and installation are quite difficult; (4) Since the geotextiles and PE membranes are combustible materials, the lining steel welded or steel pipes It is easy to cause fire hazards during welding

[0005] When the drainage board is used to reduce the external water pressure, the existing drainage board is usually a single-layer waterproof board structure with a round smooth convex body. On the one hand, such a drainage board does not have flame-retardant properties; The smooth convex body is difficult to paste and fix on the outer lining surface of the tunnel. In addition, one side of such a drainage board is a round smooth convex body, and the bottom surface of the other side is a circular pit. When pouring the lining concrete of the tunnel, The circular pits on the bottom of the drainage board are often filled with concrete, which cannot coordinate deformation and affect the stress state of the inner and outer linings of the tunnel

In addition, when tunnel engineering uses drainage boards to reduce external water pressure, existing products on the market are usually used. The existing products have the following deficiencies: (1) The drainage capacity and compressive strength of the existing products are ready-made. The compressive strength and the convenience of construction and paving often cannot meet the needs of actual projects; (2) the existing products do not have adaptive deformation characteristics, and the tunnel lining is squeezed and deformed by the internal water pressure, and even the drainage board is (3) Existing products do not have flame retardant properties, and it is easy to cause fire and other dangers when welding inner lining steel bars or steel pipes

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