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Laser self-fluxing brazing method of aluminum alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metals

A technology of dissimilar metals and brazing methods, applied in metal processing equipment, welding equipment, welding media, etc., can solve the problems of micro-cracks, thick intermetallic compounds, inability to guarantee the quality of welded joints, etc., to avoid micro-cracks and energy distribution. Uniform, high stability and operability effects

Active Publication Date: 2020-11-13
SOUTHWEST JIAOTONG UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Although this method does not require welding wire and the welding process is relatively stable, it will form thicker intermetallic compounds, resulting in defects such as microcracks in welded joints, and the quality of welded joints cannot be guaranteed.

Method used

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  • Laser self-fluxing brazing method of aluminum alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metals
  • Laser self-fluxing brazing method of aluminum alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metals
  • Laser self-fluxing brazing method of aluminum alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metals

Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0054] A laser self-fluxing brazing method of aluminum alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metals, the aluminum alloy plate to be welded is a 6061 aluminum alloy plate with a thickness of 1mm, the stainless steel plate to be welded is a 301L stainless steel plate with a thickness of 1mm, and the welding step as follows:

[0055] S1. Use 240-mesh sandpaper to grind the area to be welded on the aluminum alloy plate and stainless steel plate to be welded, then use acetone to scrub the area to be welded on the aluminum alloy plate, put the stainless steel plate in acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 2 minutes, and use mass percentage 20%H 2 SO 4 The pickling solution composed of 15% HCl and 15% HCl is used to perform surface activation treatment on the area to be welded of the stainless steel plate at 45°C, and the surface activation treatment time is 60s;

[0056] S2, using the electroplating method, successively plate a Cu metal coating with a thickness of 8 μm and a Ni metal coa...

Embodiment 2

[0063] A laser self-fluxing brazing method of aluminum alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metals, the aluminum alloy plate to be welded is a 6063 aluminum alloy plate with a thickness of 2mm, the stainless steel plate to be welded is a 304 stainless steel plate with a thickness of 2mm, and the welding step as follows:

[0064] S1. Use 240-mesh sandpaper to grind the area to be welded on the aluminum alloy plate and stainless steel plate to be welded, then use acetone to scrub the area to be welded on the aluminum alloy plate, put the stainless steel plate in acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 2 minutes, and use mass percentage 20%H 2 SO 4 The pickling solution composed of 15% HCl and 15% HCl is used to perform surface activation treatment on the area to be welded of the stainless steel plate at 55°C, and the surface activation treatment time is 60s;

[0065] S2, using electroplating, sequentially plate a Cu metal coating with a thickness of 11 μm and a Ni metal coating with a...

Embodiment 3

[0072] A laser self-fluxing brazing method of aluminum alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metals, the aluminum alloy plate to be welded is a 6063 aluminum alloy plate with a thickness of 4mm, the stainless steel plate to be welded is a 304 stainless steel plate with a thickness of 4mm, and the welding step as follows:

[0073] S1. Use 240-mesh sandpaper to grind the area to be welded on the aluminum alloy plate and stainless steel plate to be welded, then use acetone to scrub the area to be welded on the aluminum alloy plate, put the stainless steel plate in acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 2 minutes, and use mass percentage 20%H 2 SO 4 The pickling solution composed of 15% HCl and 15% HCl is used to perform surface activation treatment on the area to be welded of the stainless steel plate at 60 °C, and the surface activation treatment time is 65s;

[0074] S2, using the electroplating method, sequentially plate a Cu metal coating with a thickness of 14 μm and a Ni metal co...

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Abstract

A laser self-fluxing brazing method for aluminum alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metals, the steps are as follows: S1, respectively grinding and cleaning the areas to be welded on the aluminum alloy plate and the stainless steel plate, and then using pickling solution to treat the areas to be welded on the stainless steel plate The area is subjected to surface activation treatment; S2, Cu-Ni metal composite coating is plated on the surface of the stainless steel plate to be welded; S3, the stainless steel plate and the aluminum alloy plate are assembled into a lap joint form, and a square spot laser is used for welding; during welding, control 1 / The 2‑3 / 4 square light spot is irradiated on the aluminum alloy plate to melt the aluminum alloy, and the 1 / 4‑1 / 2 square light spot is irradiated on the stainless steel plate to heat but not melt the stainless steel. The molten aluminum alloy spreads on the unmelted stainless steel to form Brazing interface. This method prepares a Cu-Ni composite layer on the stainless steel area to be welded, which can adjust the growth of intermetallic compounds during the welding process, and uses a square spot laser to control the heat input, which can promote the spreading of the molten aluminum alloy on the surface of the stainless steel, resulting in beautiful molding and comprehensive performance. Excellent welded joints.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a laser self-melting brazing method of aluminum alloy-stainless steel dissimilar metals, which belongs to the field of welding technology. Background technique [0002] Facing the increasingly serious energy shortage problem, the lightweight of vehicles has attracted more and more attention from various countries. The body structure of all-stainless steel subway trains further uses aluminum alloy materials to replace some non-load-bearing stainless steels, which can greatly reduce the weight of the train body and reduce the power consumption of the subway train during start-up and operation. The use of aluminum-steel composite structure in the structure of new energy vehicles can also reduce the weight of the body and improve the battery life. However, the welding between aluminum alloy and stainless steel still has problems such as poor joint formation, difficult spreading of cladding metal, formation of brittle intermetallic...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): B23K1/005B23K1/20B23K35/38
CPCB23K1/0056B23K1/20B23K1/206B23K35/383B23K2103/05B23K2103/10
Inventor 杨涛戴为庄园陈龙刘俊峰陈辉
Owner SOUTHWEST JIAOTONG UNIV
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