First quasi type hollow nail minimally invasive mechanical transplanting system based on femoral neck surgical central axis

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of surgery equipment for orthopaedics, and relates to a first quasi type hollow nail minimally invasive mechanical transplanting system based on a femoralneck surgical central axis. The first quasi type hollow nail minimally invasive mechanical transplanting system comprises a nail feeding point positioning guider, a femoral neck front cortex key pointtranscultural positioning device, a first quasi type femoral neck surgical central axis minimally invasive mechanical navigation system, and a femoral neck hollow nail guide pin positioning and orientating combined slide module. According to the first quasi type hollow nail minimally invasive mechanical transplanting system disclosed by the invention, the nail feeding point positioning guider, anisthmus center point transcultural positioning device and the first quasi type central axis mechanical navigation system are adopted, and the hollow nail guide pin positioning and orientating slide module is combined for use, so that procedures of femoral neck surgical central axis determination, first quasi type guide pin transplantation, hollow nail positioning, orientating and transplanting, and the like can be completed, the situation that the guide pin and the hollow nail can be successfully transplanted in one time can be effectively realized, the distance precision of the guide pin canbe effectively controlled, iatrogenic accidents easily caused by manual operations are avoided, the incidence rate of the iatrogenic accidents is reduced, the success rate of a surgery is effectivelyincreased, and a base is established for hip preserving treatment of femoral neck fracture.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of orthopedic surgery equipment, and relates to a hollow nail implantation system for femoral neck surgery, in particular to a first-calibration hollow nail mechanical implantation system based on the central axis of femoral neck surgery. Background technique [0002] In the hip-preserving treatment of femoral neck fractures, hollow nail fixation is still the first choice, and the implantation of hollow nail guide wire is its core technology and difficult operation. In internal fixation or minimally invasive percutaneous implantation of hollow nails, safety, accuracy, reasonable spatial configuration, avoidance or reduction of radiation radiation, and one-time successful implantation of hollow nail guide pins have always been the orthopedic surgeon’s priority. Research hotspots and unremitting pursuit. [0003] The current mainstream academic view holds that the ideal fixation is that multiple hollow screws...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Therefore, accurately finding the surgical central axis of the femoral neck during surgery is the prerequisite for ideal fixation; however, due to the complex anatomical structure of the proximal femur, its shape is extremely irregular, and there are individual differences in the neck-shaft angle, anteversion angle, and anterior torsion angle, surgery is difficult. Finding this central axis—a line parallel to the three angles and located in the center of the femoral neck at the same time—is still a huge challenge.

[0004] At present, the mainstream clinical technique is still to drill a guide wire into the proximal femur based on visual inspection and estimation, and then use the C-arm X-ray machine to repeatedly fluoroscopy the anterior and lateral positions of the femoral neck. The position is used as a reference to estimate the nail entry point, direction and length of the guide pins. Drill 3-5 guide pins. After repeated fluoroscopy, adjust the position, direction and length of each guide pin until the 3 guide pins reach the appropriate position under fluoroscopy. , each screwing in one hollow nail along the three guide pins, the whole operation is done by the hand of the chief surgeon and the repeated fluoroscopy monitoring of the C-arm X-ray machine. Therefore, not only the progress of each hollow nail The accuracy of the nail point, direction, and position is poor, and the spatial distribution of the three hollow nails cannot be accurately controlled. There is no objective standard for the length and holding force of the screw, and it is very easy to cause damage to the proximal femoral cortex and acetabular cartilage. Secondary injuries such as fractures

During the operation, it was found that once the guide pin cannot be implanted successfully at one time (accurate for the first time, referred to as "first accurate"), it is very easy to enter the original needle path during adjustment, and the adjustment difficulty is greatly increased; repeated adjustments will greatly reduce the holding force of the hollow nail , resulting in complications such as screw loosening, withdrawal, and fracture

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