Compositions and processes for renewable rigid foam
A composition and foam technology, applied in the fields of foam addition, textile and papermaking, non-woody plant/crop pulp, etc., can solve problems such as loss, achieve the effect of low capital cost and maintain capital cost
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Embodiment 1
[0064] This example provides illustrations of the preparation of compositions of the invention using a variety of starting materials. Unbleached kraft pulp was purchased from PortTownsend Paper Corp (Port Townsend, WA). Polylactic acid (PLA) fibers were obtained from Minifibers, Inc. (Johnson City, TN, USA) with a fiber length of 6 mm and a fiber diameter of 13 μm (1.5 denier). Pregelatinized cold water soluble potato starch (Emjel E70) was purchased from GmbH (Ilichheim, Germany), and used as a binder / dispersant. Calcium carbonate was purchased from Diamond K Gypsum (Richfield, Utah, USA) and used as a low-cost filler. A commercial foaming agent (Foamcell A100) is available from Goodson and Associates (Milling, CO); alternatively, Richway CreteFoam can be used TM CMX concentrated foam. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, Celvol TM PVA504) was purchased from Celanese Chemicals (Dallas, Texas) and used as a dispersant / binder. Styrofoam board insulation (Insulfoam) is a common item...
Embodiment 2
[0068] This example illustrates the physical and mechanical properties of the compositions of the invention in hydrated and non-hydrated forms. Hydrated foam samples were prepared as described in Example 1 and scooped into the test apparatus. The compressive strength and modulus of the samples were determined by pressing a 93 mm plunger into a 100 mm wet foam cylinder to a depth of approximately 4 inches. Record the force required to depress the plunger to a depth of 40mm at a rate of 2.54mm / min.
[0069]Dry (ie non-hydrated) foam samples were prepared by first filling a cylindrical mold (165mm x 80mm) with hydrated foam prepared as described in Example 1 above. The foam cylinders were then dried overnight at 80°C. Foam density is determined by gravimetric and volumetric measurements. Shrinkage during drying was recorded as previously described (O. Timofeev et al., Drying of foam-formed mats from virgin pine fibers, Drying technology, 34(10):1210-1218 (2016)). For mechanic...
Embodiment 3
[0078] This example shows the physical appearance and insulating properties of the compositions of the present invention. The dry foam samples had a unique appearance based on the differences in molding. Figure 4 Structural differences between foam samples made from formulations F1, F2 and F3 (from left to right) are illustrated photographically. Both foam samples containing PLA fibers had a lighter colored appearance than the foam without PLA fibers. Formulation F2 was the lightest in color and due to the addition of mineral fillers (CaCO 3 ) with the highest density. CaCO 3 It is a common mineral filler in plastics and is white in color. A close-up view of F2 shows a very fine fiber structure ( Figure 5 ). From a distance, the sample appears almost solid, but close-up views reveal a fine network of individual fibers. The structure of the foam made from F1 is similar to Figure 5 Structure of the F2 sample shown. The dry foam made from Formulation 3 (F3) had a poro...
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Abstract
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