Rechargeable battery with modified manganese oxide positive electrode
A recharging and battery technology, applied in battery electrodes, alkaline storage batteries, battery pack components, etc.
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example 1
[0053] A one inch square cathode pressed into a nickel gauze current collector was made according to one or more of Examples 4 through 7 of US Patent No. 5,419,986 using one gram of porous cathode mix. A porous cathode mixture was obtained by mixing 11.8 grams of zinc powder, 7.2 grams of zinc oxide, 0.5 grams of cadmium oxide, 0.5 grams of lead oxide and 1 gram of polytetrafluoroethylene, manufactured by DuPont de Nemours under the name Teflon 30. Made of vinyl fluoride colloidal suspension.
[0054] An anode was made by pressing 1.5 grams of the anode mix into a 1 inch square copper gauze current collector. A separator is fabricated from a PD2193 composite substrate coated with sulfonated Blendex polymer on both sides. The polymer coating was prepared by sulfonating Blendex using the method described by Huang and Kim cited above, dissolving the product in methanol to produce a 5% by weight solution, followed by dip coating and drying of the substrate. The anode and cathode...
example 2
[0056] Upon testing, the battery produced in Example 1 was found to have a capacity of approximately 225 mAh. It can discharge in the current range of 15mA to 50mA, but the discharge current may exceed or fall below the limit of this range. If the cut-off voltage at the end of discharge exceeds approximately 0.9 V, which corresponds to -0.5 V on the scale shown in Figure 4 with mercury / mercury oxide as the reference electrode, the cell is then charged at a constant rate in the same range as when discharged current to be charged, the next and all subsequent discharge curves are as Figure 7 as shown. This gives a battery performance with an average discharge voltage of about 1.2V, simulating the performance of a NiCd battery and allowing the battery to replace the latter in electrical equipment on a one-to-one basis. However, this discharge protocol may not allow the use of the full two-electron capacity of the modified manganese oxide cathode materials.
example 3
[0058] Cells produced in Example 1 could be discharged to a stop voltage of less than about 0.8 V within the same current density range as in Example 2 and subsequently charged at the same current density as in Example 2. The next and subsequent discharges will then resemble the curve shown in Figure 4, in which most of the plateau of the discharge curve is slightly above 1.0 V with zinc as the reference electrode, or equivalent to that shown in Figure 4 with mercury / Mercury oxide is -0.45V on the scale indicated by the reference electrode. This discharge protocol allows the use of the full energy in the improved manganese oxide cathode material.
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