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Fuel staging process for low NOx operations

A technology of fuel and fuel flow, which is applied in the field of fuel dilution nozzles and fuel dilution devices, and can solve problems such as low efficiency, low-efficiency steam injection mode, and uneconomical economy

Active Publication Date: 2005-05-18
AIR PROD & CHEM INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, there is a huge economic price to be paid for reducing NOx emissions due to inefficient steam injection modes
The steam consumption is very high and the process is inefficient and economically uneconomical for NOx control

Method used

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  • Fuel staging process for low NOx operations
  • Fuel staging process for low NOx operations
  • Fuel staging process for low NOx operations

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Embodiment Construction

[0059] The present invention solves a series of problems faced in the design of combustion equipment, such as burners for heating reformers, thermal processors, boilers, ethylene cracking furnaces or other high temperature furnaces. The present invention relates to an improved fuel staging process. In particular, two general methods to achieve rapid dilution and blending according to the desired processing purpose are:

[0060] I. Use another fuel to segment fuel (F-F): inject high-pressure refinery waste fuel, atomized liquid fuel, etc. into the vicinity of cleaner low-pressure gaseous fuel to achieve clean, maintenance-free, low NOx working conditions ;and

[0061] II. Fuel staging with inert gas (F-I): splitting high-pressure inert fluids such as water vapor, nitrogen, CO 2 Injection near low-pressure gaseous fuel to reduce NOx.

[0062] As used herein, the term "fuel index" (FI) is defined as the weighted total number of carbon atoms in a fuel, where H 2 is assigned a ...

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PUM

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Abstract

A method for diluting a fuel to reduce NOx uses a fuel dilution device, which includes: a first conduit having an inlet and an outlet, the first conduit adapted to transmit a stream of a fuel entering the inlet and exiting the outlet at a first thermodynamic state and a first fuel index; and a second conduit having an intake and an outtake, the second conduit adapted to transmit a stream of a fluid entering the intake and exiting the outtake at a second / different thermodynamic state and a second fuel index different from the first fuel index by at least about 0.1, whereby a potential for mixing exists between the two streams exiting the outlet and the outtake, and at least some of the fuel mixes with at least some of the fluid near the outlet and the outtake, thereby generating a diluted fuel stream having an intermediate fuel index. <IMAGE>

Description

Background technique [0001] The present invention relates to fuel staging methods and systems for reducing nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions, and more particularly to such methods and systems using fuel dilution nozzles in low NOx combustors. [0002] One of the challenges faced by the chemical process industry (CPI) is to burn spent fuel for economical reasons while meeting low NOx and CO emission requirements. Spent fuel contains a higher C / H ratio gas mixture which burns with a very bright flame due to the formation of carbon oxides and depending on the combustion conditions also produces carbon black particles or carbon. A typical refinery fuel composition includes varying amounts of fuel and inert gases (eg Cl, C2, C3, ... Cn, olefins, hydrogen, nitrogen, CO2, water vapour). If carbon or soot particles are formed on a fuel nozzle, under the appropriate current pressure and temperature conditions, the soot structure will usually grow near the nozzle exit. This can lead to c...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): F23L7/00F23C6/04F23C99/00F23D14/24F23D14/58F23D17/00F23D99/00F23K5/00F23N1/00F23R3/28
CPCF23C2202/20F23K5/007F23K2900/05004F23L7/00F23L2900/07002F23L2900/07009F23C6/04F23R3/28
Inventor M·L·乔施X·J·李A·G·斯拉维科夫
Owner AIR PROD & CHEM INC
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